Traffic signs in russia сочинение на английском
Обновлено: 02.07.2024
Russia is the world’s largest country, covering almost a seventh part of dry land. It occupies the territory of 17 million square kilometers both in Europe and Asia. In the north and in the east the country is washed by 12 seas which belong to the Pacific and the Arctic oceans. In the west and in the south Russia borders on 14 countries including the former Soviet republics.
The surface of the country is various. It contains the East European plain, the West Siberian plain, the Ural mountains, the Central Siberian plateau and the Far East. As the territory of Russia is vast, there are various types of climate and vegetation here, depending on latitude. We have zones of treeless tundra, taiga, deciduous forests and grass-covered steppe.
Russia is also a land of long rivers and deep lakes. The Volga is the longest river in Europe and the Yenisei and the Ob are the longest ones in Asia. Baikal and Ladoga are the deepest Russian lakes.
The population of Russia is nearly 150 million people. The European part of the state is more populated than the rest of it. People of many nationalities live in our country. But Russians constitute four-fifths of the total population.
Russian culture abounds in names of outstanding people: scientists, writers, composers, sportsmen. Everybody knows the names of Pushkin, Gagarin, Mendeleev, Lomonosov or Tchaikovsky. Our villages are world-famous for their national crafts: Dymkovo toys, Palekh painted boxes, Khokhloma wooden tableware.
The Russian Federation is a parliamentary republic. President is the head of state. Moscow is its capital. Today Russia cuts a great figure in the world. It is rich in natural resources (coal, iron, gold, nickel, copper and aluminium) and is known as one of the world’s largest exporters of oil, gas and grain. A lot of serious political and economical changes have happened in Russia recently but I do believe in the bright future of our country.
Россия
Россия является самым большим государством в мире, занимающим почти седьмую часть суши. Она расположена на территории в 17 млн. кв.км как в Европе, так и в Азии. На севере и востоке страна омывается 12 морями, принадлежащими Тихому и Северному Ледовитому океанам. На западе и юге Россия граничит с 14 странами, включая бывшие советские республики.
Земная поверхность страны разнообразна. Она состоит из Восточно-европейской равнины, Западно-Сибирской равнины, Уральских гор, Среднесибирского плоскогорья и Дальнего Востока. Поскольку территория России огромна, на ней существуют различные типы климата и растительности, в зависимости от географической широты. У нас есть зоны безлесной тундры, тайги, лиственных лесов и покрытых травой степей.
Россия – это еще и земля длинных рек и глубоких озер. Волга – самая длинная река в Европе, а Енисей и Обь – самые длинные в Азии. Байкал и Ладога являются самыми глубокими русскими озерами.
Население России составляет почти 150 млн. человек. Европейская часть государства более населена, чем остальная его часть. Люди многих национальностей проживают в нашей стране. Но русские насчитывают 4/5 от общего количества населения.
Русская культура изобилует именами выдающихся людей: ученых, писателей, композиторов, спортсменов. Любой знает имена Пушкина, Гагарина, Менделеева, Ломоносова или Чайковского. Наши деревни всемирно известны своими национальными ремеслами: дымковскими игрушками, палехскими расписными шкатулками и хохломской деревянной посудой.
Российская Федерация является парламентской республикой. Президент – глава государства. Москва – его столица. Сегодня Россия является значимой фигурой в мире. Она богата природными ресурсами (углем, железом, золотом, никелем, медью и алюминием) и известна как один из крупнейших мировых экспортеров нефти, газа и зерна. Немало серьезных политических и экономических изменений произошло в последнее время в России, однако я очень верю в большое будущее нашей страны.
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Содержимое разработки
traffic lights
Crash helmet
Parcing meter
traffic sign
traffic lights
zebra crossing
traffic warden
traffic sign
Match words with its description:
f) a place where you can park a car.
a) a person who is on foot, not by car/ bike.
b) People can cross the road on it.
e) a name of a job. This person watches the traffic and makes it safe.
d) an area which people use for walking.
c) a sign on the road.
2. Pedestrian
3. zebra crossing
4. traffic warden
6. traffic sign
T raffic lights
Look to the left,
Look to the right,
The green says, “Go!”
Now go slow.
The yellow says, “Wait!”
And you must wait.
The red says, “Stop!”
And you must stop.
at the zebra crossing.
pavement.
- When we cross the street we should
first look left , then right .
What can you see at this picture?
I can see (a)….
Let’s have a rest.
Stop! Look! Listen! Think!
What can’t you see at this picture?
Choose the right verb.
drive at 25 mph.
cross the street.
We must cross
the street when
the light is green .
Do not play games in the street !
Look to the left,
Look to the right,
Then look up
And check the light.
We must cross the street at the crossing.
Wear a bicycle helmet !
You should use
a seat belt!
When we cross the street
we must first
look left , then right .
Use a seat belt!!
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| Вложение | Размер |
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| razrabotka_uroka_do_you_know_traffic_rules.doc | 506.5 КБ |
| prezentatsiya_k_uroku_po_pdd.ppt | 2.85 МБ |
Предварительный просмотр:
Цели урока: 1) образовательная:
- способствовать повышению интереса учащихся к изучению английского языка;
- познакомить учащихся со знаками дорожного движения (предупреждающими, разрешающими, запрещающими и информирующими) и правилами поведения на дороге (для пешеходов, велосипедистов, пассажиров).
- приобщать учащихся к культуре и традициям англо-говорящих стран;
- воспитывать культуру поведения учащихся на дороге и ответственное отношение к правилам дорожного движения;
- способствовать созданию благоприятного психологического климата в классе и атмосферы доброжелательности;
- развивать внимание, память и логическое мышление учащихся;
- способствовать развитию умения работать в группах;
- совершенствовать произносительные навыки учащихся;
- ознакомить учащихся с новой лексикой по теме “Traffic rules” и тренировать в ее использовании в речи;
- развивать умения и навыки говорения учащихся по теме “Traffic rules” ;
- развивать умения и навыки чтения учащихся на основе текста “Lollipop Lady” и проверить понимание прочитанного;
- формировать умения учащихся в составлении и защите проектной работы.
I. Организационный момент.
- Good morning, boys and girls. You are so beautiful today. I’m very glad to see you. How are you today? Ok, let’s start our lesson. Today we’ll make a journey to the world of traffic signs and traffic rules. We’ll talk about road safety and introduce with traffic rules in Russia and in Great Britain.
2. Фонетическая зарядка.
- To begin with, let’s train our tongues and do phonetic exercise. Look at the board, please.
This is traffic light. What traffic lights do you know? (green, red and yellow)
Yes, you are right. Listen to the poem about traffic light.
Twinkle, twinkle traffic light,
On the corner shining bright.
Red means stop,
Green means go,
Yellow means very, very slow.
Twinkle, twinkle traffic light,
On the corner shining bright.
- And now let’s read it all together.
Ok, Masha, read this poem once again. (дети читают по 2 строчки)
- That's right. Your reading is very good. What other poems about traffic light do you know? (Дети рассказывают стихи о светофоре.)
II. Основная часть.
1. Речевая зарядка.
- We all live in a big city. And there are different means of transport there. Now let’s talk a little about them.
- What means of transport do you know? ( bike, taxi, car, bus, tram, trolleybus )
- Do you like to ride a bike?
- Does your father have a car?
- Can you drive? Can your mother drive a car?
- Would you like to drive a car? a bus?
- Have you ever driven a car?
- How do you get to school: by bus or on foot?
- Do you go to school by taxi?
- Ok, thank you for your answers. I see, you know different means of transport.
a) Фонетичекая отработка новых слов.
- To talk about traffic rules, we should learn some new words and phrases. So look at the blackboard. ( Учитель показывает картинки и вводит новые слова)
This is a passenger. Repeat, please. Ilya, is this a passenger? (Yes, this is a passenger.)
walk at the crossing
break the rules
follow the rules
give up seats to the old people
get on/off a bus
б) тренировка учащихся в использовании новых слов в речи.
- Children, do you like to play? Ok, now let’s play the game “Match the words.” Each group has cards with 2 columns of words. Match the words and make phrases. (Дети составляют фразы из слов.) Let's check your task. What phrases do you have?
break traffic rules
get on passenger
cross a pedestrian
give up at the crossing
(Учащиеся сверяют фразы с фразами на доске.)
в) закрепление новых слов в речи учащихся с помощью вопросно-ответной формы.
- What can we do on the road? (We can walk, go by bus, drive a car, ride a bike)
So what are we if we walk? (We are pedestrians.)
Are you passengers? (Yes, we are. We are passengers when we walk.)
Can you drive? (No, I can’t.) Are you a driver? (No, I’m not. I am not a driver.)
Are you a biker? (Yes, I am a biker because I like to ride a bike.)
So we are passengers, pedestrians and bikers on the road.
And today we have 3 groups. The 1 st group we’ll be passengers, the 2 nd – pedestrians and the 3 rd one is bikers.
- Where can you cross the road? (At the crossing.)
Should you know traffic signs? (Yes, we should.)
Do you break traffic rules? (No, I don’t.)
Do you follow them? (Yes, I do. I always follow traffic rules.)
Must you give up seats to the old people? (Yes, we must.)
Where should you get on a bus? (At the bus stop.)
3. Ознакомление учащихся со знаками дорожного движения.
а) Введение дорожных знаков.
- Or transport world is full of different signs. They are called road signs. They tell us what we can do, what we should do and what we mustn’t do in the street.
( can / should / mustn’t ) Let’s introduce with some traffic signs.
As you know, there are 4 types of signs.
Know it! These signs are red and triangle.
Don’t do it! These signs are red and round.
Do it! These signs are blue and round.
Information. These signs inform you.
б) Викторина (Quiz) (слайд)
- Do you know these signs? Ok, so let’s check how well you know traffic signs. Let’s do the quiz. Look at the sign, please, and choose the right variant. (Дети отвечают на вопросы викторины на слайде) Good for you. I see you know traffic signs very well.
в) Развитие умений и навыков говорения учащихся. ( Вопросы T— Ss)
- Now let’s check how well you know traffic rules. Answer my questions, please. Be careful.
Can you cross street with red traffic light? (No, we can’t. We can cross the street with green traffic light.)
Can you play on the roads? (No, we can’t. We mustn’t play on the roads.)
Can you run over the street? (No, we mustn’t run over the street.)
How should you cross the street? (We should cross the street at the crossing.)
Can you ride a bike if you are 11? (We can ride a bike when we are 14.)
Must passengers give up seats to the old people? (Yes, we must. We must give up seats to the old people.)
- Well done. Thank you for your answers.
г) Rules for pedestrians, passengers, bikers.
- And now look at the board, please. Here you can see some traffic rules. Let’s read them. (Дети читают правила для пешеходов) What are these traffic rules for: passengers, pedestrians or bikers? (These traffic rules are for passengers.)
(Читаем правила для пешеходов и велосипедистов)
4. Развитие умений и навыков говорения учащихся (poems about traffic rules).
- Well, children, do you know poems about traffic rules? Liza, tell us a poem.
(Дети рассказывают стихи о ПДД)
5. Развитие умений и навыков чтения учащихся на основе текста “Lollipop Lady”
- We have talked about traffic signs and traffic rules in Russia. But do you know what traffic signs in Great Britain? (I think they have the same signs.) Yes, Liza, you are right. They have the same signs as we do. But some signs are different. Look at the board, please. As you see, they have the sign “Elderly people” . Do we have this sign in Russia? (No, we don’t.)
- And what is the most interesting there are Lollipop Ladies in Great Britain. Have you ever heard about “Lollipop ladies”? (No, we haven’t.) Children, do we have lollypop ladies in Russia? (No, we don’t.) Let’s read the text about lollipop ladies. Open your books on page 84 ex. 21. It was your home reading.
а) Прослушивание текста.
- But first let’s listen to this text on the tape recorder.
б) Чтение текста учащимися.
- Ok, I want you to read this text and then we’ll do the task.
- Now, let’s play the game “True or False”. Listen to my statements and say if they are true or false. Be careful.
1. Lollipop ladies help children to cross the street.
(It’s true. They help children to cross the street.)
2. Lollipop ladies wear a dark coat.
(It’s false. Lollipop ladies wear a bright coat.)
3. They have a stick with a circular sign “Run, Children”.
(It’s false. They have a stick with a sign “Stop, Children”.)
4. The sign looks like a lollipop.
(It’s true. Their sign looks like a lollipop.)
5. They are called lollipop ladies because they have a bright coat.
(It’s false. They are called lollipop ladies because their sign looks like a lollipop.)
6. Most “patrols” that are called lollipop ladies are women.
(It’s true. Most patrols are women.)
7. There are no lollipop ladies in Britain now.
(It’s false. Most towns in Britain still have “Lollipop Ladies”.)
8. Lollipop ladies stand in London underground.
(It’s false. They stand at zebra crossing in the streets of London.)
- Well done. Masha, would you like to meet lollipop ladies? (Yes, I would.)
- Now it’s time to make rules for everyone: passengers, pedestrians and bikers. You have sheets of paper on your desks and different traffic rules. Passengers, you are to choose your traffic rules: what you should do and what you mustn’t do on the road. The same task is for bikers and pedestrians. You have 4 minutes. (Учащиеся выбирают правила поведения на дороге и приклеивают их на листы бумаги)
- Now, let's check your task. Bikers, what traffic rules do you have?
(Каждая группа зачитывает свои проектные работы с правилами поведения на дороге)
- Ok, well done. Now you know how to keep safety on the road.
III. Заключительная часть.
а) Подведение итогов урока.
- Our lesson comes to the end. Children, do you like our journey to the world of traffic rules and traffic signs? What do you like to do today?
- I like to tell poems about traffic light and traffic rules.
- I like to learn about traffic signs and traffic rules in Russia and in Britain.
- I like to play games.
- I like the story about lollipop ladies in Britain.
- Well, I’m very glad that you like today’s lesson. And I hope you will follow traffic rules and keep safety on the road.
б) Оценивание учебной деятельности учащихся.
- I’m very satisfied with your work today. You worked well during the lesson. But best of all I liked Masha’s work, Liza’s work… So you get excellent marks.
в) Определение домашнего задания.
- For homework you are to make up a crossword on the theme “Traffic rules”. Thank you for your work. Good bye. See you next lesson.
In the Middle Ages, multidirectional signs at intersections became common, giving directions to cities and towns.
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The first modern road signs erected on a wide scale were designed for riders of high or “ordinary” bicycles in the late 1870s and early 1880s. With traffic volumes increasing since the 1930s, many countries have adopted pictorial signs or otherwise simplified and standardized their signs to overcome language barriers, and enhance traffic safety. Such pictorial signs use symbols in place of words and are usually based on international protocols. Such signs were first developed in Europe, and have been adopted by most countries to varying degrees. Pre-industrial signs were stone or wood. In the late 18th and 19th centuries painted cast iron became popular. Since 1945 most signs have been made from sheet aluminium with adhesive plastic coatings, these are normally retroreflective for night-time and low-light visibility. Before the development of reflective plastics, reflectivity was provided by glass reflectors set into the lettering and symbols.
New generations of traffic signs based on electronic displays can also change their text (or, in some countries, symbols) to provide for “intelligent control” linked to automated traffic sensors.
A. Danger warning signs
B. Priority signs
C. Prohibitory or restrictive signs
D. Mandatory signs
E. Special regulation signs
G. Direction, position, or indication signs
H. Additional panels
Units
Distances on traffic signs generally follow the measurement system in use by the country. Most US road signs use miles or feet, although the Federal Department of Transportation has developed metric standards for all signs. The United Kingdom signs also display distances in miles. Elsewhere, metric distances are in very wide use, though not universal.
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