Сочинение про безопасность на английском

Обновлено: 17.06.2024

Для учеников 1-11 классов и дошкольников
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Министерство образования Республики Башкортостан

ГАПОУ Уфимский топливно-энергетический колледж

МЕТОДИЧЕСКОЕ ПОСОБИЕ

В пособии использованы оригинальные англоязычные тексты, частично сокращенные и адаптированные. Для закрепления материала представлен ряд упражнений, которые помогут в кратчайшие сроки расширить и закрепить лексику , необходимую при сдаче любого экзамена по технике безопасности как на английском так и на русском языках.

2. Категории знаков техники безопасности………………………….. 5

3. Обозначения знаков техники безопасности……………………… 10

4. Лексические упражнения ………………………………………… 12

5. Тексты для дополнительного чтения………………………………. 20

Список использованных источников………………………………. 26

Safety first

The main causes of accidents in the workplace are not dramatic fires and explosions, but very ordinary accidents that can be easily prevented by workers looking out for their own safety and the safety of others. Many of these accidents are minor, but some cause death or serious injury. The most common cause of accidents is from slips , trips and falls, followed by lifting and carrying. Accidents involving cuts, burns, dropped objects, falling from height, and collisions are also common but often avoidable.

The main preventable measure is safety training. All employees in the oil and gas industry go through regular safety training courses to encourage a strong safety culture. For hazardous areas , employees will be issued with personal protective equipment (PPE) which must be worn in signed areas. Safety boots , hard hats, overalls, gloves, and safety glasses are usually a standard issue. In addition, ear protectors and special trades’ equipment such as welding shields, goggles, and gloves will be issued.

Safety signage has to be followed. Signs are classified with different shapes and colours to denote whether they are mandatory , warnings, or giving information. Most signs are independent of language and use standard symbols as ideograms. The meaning of some of these signs is not always immediately obvious and so they should be learnt. Following information signs is practiced in fire drills where workers must follow signs to safe areas. Those working offshore will attend special courses on helicopter escape, use of life jackets and survival craft, and escape through smoke. There are often opportunities for workers to volunteer as fire officers or firest aiders, and special training is given.

Categories of safety signs

Safety signs are divided into categories according to the type of message they are intended to convey. Each category is assigned a specific format and set of colours.

Prohibition Signs

These signs should be used to convey “Do Not” type commands .For example, to indicate that smoking is not allowed or that, where a particular material reacts dangerously with water or water should not be used to extinguish a fire. In the workplace they should be used to reinforce instructions prohibiting dangerous activities. Such instructions, however, should also form part of the employees training. Signs prohibiting an activity consist of a circular red band and single diagonal cross bar descending from left to right at an angle of 45 degrees. The background should be white with the pictogram indicating the nature of the command in black.

Warning Signs

These signs should be used to make people aware of a nearby danger. For example, a flammable liquid store or a laboratory where radioactive substances are in use should have an appropriate warning sign near the entrance. These signs are required by the Health and Safety (Safety Signs and Signals) Regulations and in specific cases by the Dangerous Substances (Notification and Marking of Sites) Regulations .Signs warning of a particular hazard consist of a black band in the shape of an equilateral triangle. The background within the band should be yellow with the pictogram indicating the type of hazard in black positioned centrally on the sign.

Mandatory Signs

These signs should he used to indicate actions that must be carried out in order to comply with statutory requirements. For example , self-closing fire doors that must be kept closed to comply with the fire risk assessment should be labeled with “FIRE DOOR KEEP SHUT” signs. An area of a construction site where hard hats should be worn should also have appropriate signs at the entry points. It should he noted that the Health and Safety (Safety Signs and Signals) Regulations do not apply to mandatory fire instructions, but apply to health and safety mandatory signs where pictograms are required. The minimum regulatory requirement is for the sign to include an appropriate pictogram. There are no pictograms for fire safety instruction signs and although mandatory in the UK through inclusion in the requirements of workplace fire assessments, such signs are not considered as health and safety signs within these Regulations. Thus the familiar white on blue fire safety mandatory signs using text only will remain in place and will not have to be changed.
Fire instruction notices, which list actions that occupants must carry out in the event of a fire are, by convention, written as white text on a blue background but not in the circular format. The colours are used to convey the mandatory nature of the instructions but because of the amount of text normally needed a rectangular format is used. The general mandatory sign of a white exclamation mark on a blue circle may be used in conjunction with a fire instructions notice.
Signs indicating mandatory requirements consist of a blue circle with the pictogram or text in white positioned centrally.

Safe Condition Signs

These signs should he used to indicate escape routes, emergency exits, first aid equipment, emergency showers and the others. Safe condition signs consist of a green rectangle or square with the pictogram or text in white positioned centrally. In the same way as for mandatory signs some UK fire safety signs in this category are not required by the Health and Safety (Safety Signs and Signals) Regulations For example “PUSH BAR TO OPEN” is not required to comply and there is no pictogram with that meaning. Such signs are still needed for compliance with other UK legislation.

In order to comply with the requirements of the Building Regulations, every doorway or other exit providing access to a means of escape, other than exits in ordinary use, should be provided with an exit sign. Installation of signs conforming to British Standard will satisfy both the Building Regulations and the Health and Safety (Safety Signs and Signals Regulations). In general these Regulations will not require any changes where existing fire safety signs containing symbols comply Fire safety signs, notices and graphic symbols.

Provision of exit signs

The regulations place a duty on employers to ensure that safety signs are provided in circumstances where the risk to the health and safety of employees, identified through the risk assessment requirement contained with the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations cannot be entirely, engineered or managed out of the workplace. It should be noted that the Regulations do not require safety signs to be used where there are no significant risks to the health and safety of employees. The issue which then requires to be resolved is whether it is necessary to indicate exits with signs. In arriving at a decision the fundamental issue which will underpin the process is whether the risk of injury or death to employees from a fire within a particular premises is deemed to be significant enough to warrant the provision of signs indicating fire exit routes and final exits. If it is deemed that the risk is not significant then there is no need to install the signs. Thus, for example, a small, single storey premises with one clearly visible exit should not require a fire exit sign because it would be obvious to staff that the door is their only means of access and hence there should not be a significant risk to their health and safety from fire by not signing the door as an exit. However, those buildings with more complex internal layouts incorporating multiple exits, some of which may not be readily visible nor frequently used, or where large numbers of the public congregate, will require fire exit signs. They should be complete with directional arrows, if there is a significant risk of individuals not being able to find their way to a place of safety in the event of a fire.

Supplementary information signs

These are signs used to provide additional information. In the Health and Safety (Safety Signs and Signals) Regulations these are confined to directional arrows. However , they include various text messages as well as arrows under the description of supplementary signs. To comply with the Regulations where a direction indication is needed the minimum requirement is for a supplementary sign in the form of an arrow. The supplementary text messages in the British Standard such as “Water as an extinguishing agent prohibited” will be acceptable under the regulations only if accompanied by an appropriate pictogram. This is entirely consistent with the philosophy of the British Standard. Supplementary signs consist of a square or rectangle in the appropriate colour with the pictogram or text in white and positioned centrally. The colour should be green where the information supplements a safe condition sign, red where It supplements a fire equipment sign or yellow to supplement a warning sign.
There is a minor conflict between the British Standard and the regulations on the permitted colour of supplementary signs. They allow text to be in black on a white background or white on the appropriate colour. The colour alternative is the only option permitted in the Regulations. Thus the Regulations can be complied with by adhering to this option in the Standard.

Fire Fighting Equipment Signs

These signs are used to mark the location of fire fighting equipment and fire alarm activation points. However, where possible, fire equipment should be positioned where it is clearly visible. Red to be used as the identifying colour for fire fighting equipment. If the equipment itself is red this will satisfy the requirement. Where it is not red then highlighting the position of fire fighting equipment by colouring background behind the equipment red may be enough to comply.
Fire equipment signs consist of a red rectangle or square with the pictogram in white positioned centrally on the sign.

Summary of Safety Signs

The pictograms are as shown in the regulations and the completed sign must be in accordance with the appropriate colour’s.

PROHIBITION SIGNS
These signs prohibit actions detrimental to safety No Smoking

RED with a white background red band and crossbar.

WARNING SIGNS
These signs give warning of potential risks Triangular

YELLOW with black symbol or text

MANDATORY SIGNS
Signs that require actions or activities that will contribute towards safety

BLUE with symbol or text in white

SAFE CONDITION SIGNS
These signs indicate exit routes in the event of a fire or emergency

Rectangular

GREEN with white symbol or text

FIRE EQUIPMENT SIGNS
These signs are used to indicate the location of fire equipment

Человечество слишком долго ведет себя на планете как неразумный хозяин. Создавая удобства для комфортной жизни, мы напрочь забыли о том, что ресурсы природы вовсе не безграничны. Что жить в городах с грязным воздухом, придется нашим детям. Настало время вспомнить о том, что природа не прощает ошибок. Мы должны позаботиться о экологии и сохранить, вспомнить, что мы сами — часть этой природы. So, is it ok to bite the hand that feeds?

Essay on Environmental Protection

Our planet Earth is only a tiny part of the universe, and it is so far the only place where human beings can live.

We always polluted our surroundings. But until now pollution was not such a huge problem. People lived in the countryside and couldn’t produce such amount of pollution that would lead to a dangerous situation on a global scale.

With the development of industrial cities, which create huge amounts of pollutants, the problem has become real. Nowadays our planet is in serious danger. Global warming, acid rains, air and water pollution, overpopulation are the problems that threaten human lives on the Earth.

Every year world industry pollutes the air that we breathe with. A great number of cities suffer from smog. Rainforests are cut down. Their disappearance upsets the oxygen balance. As a result, some rare species of animals, birds, fish and plants are extinct. A lot of seas, rivers and lakes are filled with poison like industrial and nuclear wastes, chemical fertilizers and pesticides. The pollution of air and the world's ocean, destruction of the ozone layer is the result of man's careless interaction with nature, a sign of the ecological crisis.

People should consider their attitude to the environment. Some progress has already been made in this direction. Numerous conferences have been held by a lot of agencies to discuss problems facing ecologically poor regions including the Aral Sea, the South Urals, Kuzbass, Donbass and Chernobyl. Greenpeace is also doing much to preserve the environment.

What can we do to save our planet? First of all, people should switch to alternative forms of power, such as solar power or wind power. Secondly, the use of atomic power must be banned. Thirdly, we need to recycle. It’s the art of turning waste into new products. It would be a good idea if people started riding bicycles instead of driving cars. We are obliged to protect nature. If everybody cares, it will make a difference.

Сочинение на тему Защита окружающей среды

Наша планета Земля — всего лишь крошечная часть вселенной, и на данный момент это единственное место, где могут жить люди.

Мы всегда загрязняли окружающую среду. Но до сих пор загрязнение не было такой огромной проблемой. Люди жили в сельской местности и не могли создавать такое большое загрязнение, которое могло бы привести к опасной ситуации в глобальном масштабе.

С развитием промышленных городов, которые производят огромное количество загрязняющих веществ, проблема стала реальной. В наши дни планета находится в серьезной опасности. Глобальное потепление, кислотные дожди, загрязнение воздуха и воды, перенаселенность — это проблемы, которые угрожают жизни людей на Земле.

Каждый год мировая промышленность загрязняет воздух, которым мы дышим. Большое число городов страдает от смога. Тропические леса вырубаются. Их исчезновение нарушает баланс кислорода. В результате исчезают редкие виды животных, птиц, рыб и растений. Множество морей, рек и озер заполнены ядом: промышленными и ядерными отходами, химическими удобрениями и пестицидами. Загрязнение воздуха и мирового океана, разрушение озонового слоя является следствием небрежного взаимодействия человека с природой, признаком экологического кризиса.

Что мы можем сделать, чтобы спасти нашу планету? Прежде всего, люди должны переключиться на альтернативные формы энергии, такие как солнечная энергия или энергия ветра. Во–вторых, использование атомной энергии должно быть запрещено. В–третьих, необходимо заниматься утилизацией и переработкой материалов . Это искусство превращения отходов в новые продукты. Было бы неплохо, если бы люди начали кататься на велосипедах, а не водить автомобили. Мы обязаны защищать природу. Если все будут заботится, это изменит ситуацию.

Our planet is in danger. It becomes more and more polluted every year. In addition, the ozone layer becomes thinner and this may lead to many phenomena, like acid rains, that may destroy our planet and our lives.

And we all know that the main reason why the Earth suffers is us. We pollute the air, the water; cause the extinction of animals and plants. However, we are still capable of saving our planet and species we share it with.

There are several measures we may implement. First of all, we should not throw any garbage and all countries must work the system of recycling garbage out. If we all get used to sorting it, we will simplify the process of recycling.

In addition, we may use modern technologies to invent a new kind of petrol to substitute oil with it. We can also try to use cars less and walk or ride a bicycle to move around the city.

In order to save animals, we must protect them better from poachers: build national parks, organize special groups and funds which will take care of animals and find investors to supply our wild neighbours with food. We should also breed animals not to let any species disappear.

Moreover, more trees, bushes, flowers must be planted. They clean the air and serve as a home for many animals, birds, and insects.

Summing up, we have the power to make the Earth a better place to live and we must use this power to prevent the damage we inflict by our modern activities.

Перевод:

Наша планета в опасности. Ежегодно она становятся все более загрязненной. Более того, озоновый слой истощается, что может привести ко многим явлениям, таким как кислотные дожди, способным разрушить нашу планету и наши жизни.

И мы все знаем, что мы главная причина, по которой страдает Земля. Мы загрязняем воздух, воду, провоцируем исчезновение животных и растений. Однако мы все еще можем спасти нашу планету и виды, с которыми мы на ней живем.

Существует ряд меры, которые мы могли бы предпринять. Прежде всего, мы не должны бросать мусор и все страны должны выработать систему его переработки. Если мы все приучимся сортировать мусор, мы упростим процесс переработки.

Более того, мы могли бы использовать современные технологии, чтобы создать топливо, которым бы мы заменили бензин. Также мы можем постараться меньше ездить на машинах, больше ходить или передвигаться по городу на велосипеде.

Также должно быть посажено больше деревьев, кустов и цветов. Они очищают воздух и служат жилищем для многих животных, птиц и насекомых.

Подводя итоги, следует отметить, что мы обладаем силой для преобразования Земли в лучшее место для жизни, и мы должны использовать эту силу для предотвращения того вреда, что мы наносим за счет современной деятельности.

Загрязнение окружающей среды (Environmental Pollution) — это частая тема не только международных конференций, но и школьных сочинений на английском языке. Здесь вы найдете топик, текст на английском языке с переводом на тему загрязнения окружающий среды. Сначала идет вариант на английском + аудио, затем вариант с параллельным переводом.

Environmental Pollution — Загрязнение окружающей среды. Текст на английском языке + аудио

Прослушайте запись и прочитайте текст. Если что-то будет непонятно, ниже есть вариант с переводом каждого предложения в отдельности.

Пройдите тест на уровень английского:

Air pollution and marine pollution are the most discussed ones. They are caused by different reasons. First of all, it is CO2 emitted by cars when they are using fuel. Second, humans add pollution to the environment through industrial activities and waste disposal. Nowadays, many countries are trying to decrease both waste disposal and CO2 emission.

Probably, the most well-known way to reduce negative effects of waste disposal is waste sorting. It means that the waste is sorted into a few categories to be recycled later. Switching to electric vehicles is one of the most promising ways to reduce CO2 emission.

Different types of pollution are interconnected. For example, marine pollution might be caused by direct discharge of industrial waste into the ocean. But pollutants could also be released from the atmosphere.

Overpopulation is another factor that causes pollution, as well as a number of other problems. Overpopulated cities tend to be the ones with the biggest ecological problems. Vehicles and people themselves add too much pollution for a relatively small area.

Текст на английском языке с переводом. Environmental Pollution — Загрязнение окружающей среды

Этот тот же самый текст, но с параллельным переводом. Ниже вы найдете список полезных слов.

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