Eric larsen is preparing for his new expedition сочинение

Обновлено: 04.07.2024

Grammar
C Underline the correct verb form.
17 The lecture will have started/starts at 6 pm so we have plenty of time to get there.
18 Are you showing/Will you show me how to get free music downloads from the Internet?
19 Mark is really good with computers; I’m sure he is passing/will pass the IT test tomorrow.
20 This time next week, we’ll have attended/’ll be attending the technology exhibition in Boston.
21 The printer is making funny noises; it is going to break/will break down again.
22 By the end of the year, Eric will be working/will have been working on his new computer gadget for almost seven months.
23 Mr Higgins is giving/gives a demonstration of the new robot tomorrow evening.
24 By this time next month, we will have completed/will be completing our computer training course.
25 I am installing/will install the anti-virus software on your computer as soon as I get home tonight, I promise.
26 Do you buy/Are you buying Peter a new games console for his birthday?
D Choose the correct answer.
27 I will call you when I…… in London.
A will arrive В arrive C am arriving
28 Bob rebooted his computer ……. the screen would stop freezing.
A in order В in case C so that
29 The scanner isn’t working. When ……….. someone to fix it?
A do you call В will you call C have you called
30 Richard is ….. hooked on the Internet that he even does all his shopping online.
A very В such C so
31 Christine saved her work on a disc ….. she would have an extra copy if something went wrong with her computer and she lost it.
A so that В so as C in order
32 The robots of the future will have ……….. amazing abilities that they will be able to do almost anything.
A such an В so C such
33 Anne called Frank ……… ask him about her computer problem.
A so that В so as C to
34 I will not download the file ………… I’ve installed anti-virus software.
A by the time В until C while
35 Daniel bought a used computer…………spend all of his savings.
A in case not В so as not to C in order not

17 The lecture starts at 6 pm so we have plenty of time to get there.
18 Will you show me how to get free music downloads from the Internet?
19 Mark is really good with computers; I’m sure he will pass the IT test tomorrow.
20 This time next week, we’ll be attending the technology exhibition in Boston.
21 The printer is making funny noises; it is going to break down again.
22 By the end of the year, Eric will have been working on his new computer gadget for almost seven months.
23 Mr Higgins is giving a demonstration of the new robot tomorrow evening.
24 By this time next month, we will have completed our computer training course.
25 I will install the anti-virus software on your computer as soon as I get home tonight, I promise.
26 Do you buy Peter a new games console for his birthday?
D Choose the correct answer.
27 I will call you when I…B… in London.
A will arrive В arrive C am arriving
28 Bob rebooted his computer …C…. the screen would stop freezing.
A in order В in case C so that
29 The scanner isn’t working. When …B…….. someone to fix it?
A do you call В will you call C have you called
30 Richard is C….. hooked on the Internet that he even does all his shopping online.
A very В such C so
31 Christine saved her work on a disc …A.. she would have an extra copy if something went wrong with her computer and she lost it.
A so that В so as C in order
32 The robots of the future will have …C…….. amazing abilities that they will be able to do almost anything.
A such an В so C such
33 Anne called Frank …C…… ask him about her computer problem.
A so that В so as C to
34 I will not download the file ……B…… I’ve installed anti-virus software.
A by the time В until C while
35 Daniel bought a used computer……C……spend all of his savings.
A in case not В so as not to C in order not

Эду Стаффорду потребовалось два года, четыре месяца и одна неделя, чтобы пройти пешком вдоль всей реки Амазонки. Невыносимая жара и влажность мучили его, пока он продирался сквозь густые джунгли с единственным мачете. Эд рассказывает, что его путешествие было мучительным, и он очень страдал. Будучи бывшим капитаном британской армии, Эд не понаслышке знаком с трудностями и испытаниями. Несмотря на то, что все говорили ему, что эта задача невыполнима, он был уверен, что справится. Однако во время путешествия были моменты, когда Эд оказывался лицом к лицу с опасностью и думал, что умрет. К счастью, ему удалось завершить путешествие на 6 000 километров и стать первым человеком, который прошел вдоль реки Амазонки.

Дэвид де Ротшильд и его команда отправились в невероятное путешествие через Тихий океан из Сан-Франциско в Сидней. На борту лодки, сделанной из 11 500 пластиковых бутылок и работающей на энергии солнца и ветра, Ротшильд стремился привлечь внимание к огромному количеству пластикового мусора, который попадает в океанские течения. Лодка Plastiki демонстрирует, как одноразовый пластик может быть использован повторно в конструктивных целях. Ротшильд провел четыре года, готовясь к экспедиции, пока Plastiki строилась. После завершения строительства лодки, Ротшильд все еще сомневался, выдержит ли судно путешествие. В итоге Plastiki преодолела 9 500 миль и благополучно прибыла в Сиднейскую гавань под ликование толпы

Reading Task Read the text. For questions 1-15 choose from the people (A-D). Which person(s)… 1, 2 used their journey to publicise an environmental problem? 3 was initially confident about the success of their journey? 4 was inspired by another explorer? 5 was uncertain at first about the success of their journey? 6 faced criticism about their expedition? 7 crossed different terrains in a variety of ways? 8 was miserable most of the journey? 9 presented a solution to an environmental problem? 10, 11 eared for their life during their expedition? 12 has military training? 13 felt lonely on their journey? 14 spent a long time getting ready for their journey? 15 hopes to exhibit their work? In the Middle of Nowhere A Ed Stafford: King of the Jungle It took two years, four months and one week for Ed Stafford to walk the entire length of the Amazon River. Unbearable heat and humidity tormented him as he hacked through the dense jungle with a single machete. Ed describes his trip as agonising and he suffered greatly. A former British army captain, Ed is no stranger to hardship or challenge. Despite everyone telling him that it was an impossible task, Ed was sure he could do it. However, once on the trip there were moments when Ed came face to face with danger and thought he was going to die. Fortunately, he managed to complete his 6,000 kilometre journey and became the first man to walk the Amazon River. B Jessica Watson: Sea Queen When Australian Jessica Watson was eleven years old she heard the story of an 18 year old man who sailed alone around the world. Impressed by what the young man had done, Jessica announced to her parents that she planned to do exactly the same thing at the age of sixteen. When news got around about her upcoming trip many people disapproved of a young girl taking on such a dangerous endeavour. However, with her parent's full support Jessica set off alone for a non-stop journey at sea. Facing torrential storms and various mechanical problems on board, the teenager finally arrived after sailing around the world in 210 days. The hardest part Jessica says was not having anyone to talk to, but the stunning sunsets and starry nights above her boat made it all worth it. C Eric Larsen: Iceman Some people like cold weather. For Eric Larsen it’s a passion that he can’t seem to get enough of. For many years now Eric Larsen had been exploring freezing environments. During this time, Larsen has been witness to the rapid disappearance of polar regions which inspired him to take on a new expedition called “Save the Poles" to shed some light on the issue. Larsen traversed both the North and South Poles and climbed the summit of Mount Everest all in 365 days. Braving temperatures of - 50°C, Larsen hiked, skied and swam across these extreme areas, all while filming a documentary. "In such expeditions there are very few safe situations," Larsen explains, and he often found himself at risk and at the mercy of nature. Larsen plans with his film to show off these uniquely beautiful but often forgotten places.

*Цитирирование части задания со ссылкой на учебник производится исключительно в учебных целях для лучшего понимания разбора решения задания.

Для учеников 1-11 классов и дошкольников
Бесплатные сертификаты учителям и участникам

Комплект заданий для учащихся 9-11 классов

Read the text and do the tasks after it.

The Development of Museums

(1) The conviction that historical relics reflect real life of the past is rooted in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, when science was regarded as objective and free of human attitudes. As one writer observes: ‘Although it is now evident that material objects are as easily changed as chronicles, public belief in their authenticity is still very strong: a tangible relic seems real.’ Such conviction was, until recently, reflected in museum displays. Museums used to look – and some still do – much like storage rooms of objects packed together in showcases: good for scholars who wanted to study the subtle differences in design, but not for the ordinary visitor, to whom it all looked alike. Similarly, the information accompanying the objects often made little sense to the general public. The content and format of explanations dated back to a time when the museum was the exclusive domain of the scientific researcher.

(2) Recently, however, attitudes towards history and the way it should be presented have changed. The key word in heritage display is now ‘experience’, the more exciting the better and, if possible, involving all the senses. Good examples of this approach in the UK are the Jorvik Centre in York; the National Museum of Photography, Film and Television in Bradford; and the Imperial War Museum in London. In the US the trend emerged much earlier: Williamsburg has been a prototype for many heritage developments in other parts of the world. No one can predict where the process will end. On so-called heritage sites the re-enactment of historical events is increasingly popular, and computers will soon provide virtual reality experiences, which will present visitors with a vivid image of the period of their choice, in which they themselves can act as if part of the historical environment. Such developments have been criticized as vulgar, but the success of many historical theme parks and similar locations suggests that the majority of the public does not share this opinion.

(3) In a related development, the sharp distinction between museum and heritage sites on the one hand, and theme parks on the other, is gradually evaporating. They already borrow ideas and concepts from one another. For example, museums have adopted story lines for exhibitions, sites have accepted ‘theming’ as a relevant tool, and theme parks are moving towards more authenticity and research-based presentations. Similarly, animals in zoos are no longer kept in cages, but in great spaces, either in the open air or in enormous greenhouses, such as the jungle and desert environments in Burgers’ Zoo in Holland. This particular trend is regarded as one of the major developments in the presentation of natural history in the twentieth century.

(4) Theme parks are undergoing other changes, too, as they try to present more serious social and cultural issues, and move away from fantasy. This development is a response to market forces and, although museums and heritage sites have a special, rather distinct, role to fulfil, they are also operating in a very competitive environment, where visitors make choice on how and where to spend their free time. Heritage and museum experts do not have to invent stories and recreate historical environments to attract their visitors: their assets are already in place. However, exhibits must be both based on objects and facts as we know them, and attractively presented. Those who are professionally engaged in the art of interpreting history are thus in a difficult position, as they must steer a narrow course between the demands of ‘evidence’ and ‘attractiveness’ , especially given the increasing need in the heritage industry for money- generating activities.

(5) It can be said that in order to make everything in heritage more ‘real’, historical accuracy must be more and more adapted to today’s reality. For example, Pithecanthropus erectus is depicted in an Indonesian museum with Malay facial features, because this corresponds to public perceptions. Similarly, in the Museum of Natural History in Washington, Neanderthal man is shown making a dominant gesture to his wife. Such presentations tell us more about contemporary perceptions of the world than about our ancestors. There is one compensation, however, for the professionals who make these interpretations: if they did not provide the interpretation, visitors would do it for themselves, based on their own ideas, misconceptions and prejudices. And no matter how exciting the result, it would contain a lot more bias, or lack of objectivity, than the presentations provided by experts.

(6) Human bias is inevitable, but another source of bias in the representation of history has to do with the transitory nature of the materials themselves. The simple fact is that not everything from history survives the historical process. Castles, palaces and cathedrals have a longer lifespan than the dwellings of ordinary people. The same applies to the furnishings and other contents of the premises. In a town like Leyden in Holland, which in the seventeenth century was occupied by approximately the same number of inhabitants as today, people lived within the walled town, an area more than five times smaller than modern Leyden. In most of the houses several families lived together in circumstances beyond our imagination. Yet in museums, fine period rooms give only an image of the lifestyle of the upper class of that era. No wonder that people who stroll around exhibitions are filled with nostalgia; the evidence in museums indicates that life was so much better in the past. This notion is caused by the bias in its representation in museums and heritage centres.

Task 1. Questions 1-7.

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the text? In boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet, circle:

A (TRUE) if the statement agrees with the information;

B (FALSE) if the statement contradicts the information;

C (NOT GIVEN) if there is no information on this.

- Many people believe that material objects kept in museums are true relics of the past.

- More people visit museums in the UK than in the US.

- In zoos, animals are kept in the environments similar to their natural habitats.

- Today theme parks tend to avoid serious issues.

- Stories about historical events are specially written by experts in order to attract tourists.

- The boundaries of Leyden have changed little since the seventeenth century.

- Museums can give a wrong impression of what life was like in the past.

8. The author begins by comparing today’s museums with those of the past and says that the latter

A did not present history in a detailed way.

B were not primarily intended for the public.

C were more clearly organized.

D preserved items with greater care.

9. According to the second paragraph, current trends in the heritage industry

A emphasise personal involvement.

B have their origins in York and London.

C rely on computer images.

D reflect minority tastes.

10. What process is meant in the sentence 'No one can predict where the process will end' in the second paragraph?

A Vulgarisation of historical events.

B Turning traditional museums into theme parks and heritage sites.

C Computerisation of museums.

D Further involvement of scientists into creating new museums.

11. In the third paragraph, the writer says that museums, heritage sites and theme parks

A often work in close partnership.

B try to preserve separate identities.

C have similar exhibits.

D are less easy to distinguish than before.

12. The writer concludes the forth paragraph by saying that in preparing exhibits for museums, experts

A should pursue a single objective.

B have to do a certain amount of language translation.

C should be free from commercial constraints.

D have to balance conflicting priorities.

13. In the fifth paragraph, the writer suggests that some museums

A fail to match visitors’ expectations.

B are based on the false assumptions of professionals.

C reveal more about present beliefs than about the past.

D allow visitors to make more use of their imagination.

14. Historians interpret past events when presenting them in the museums because

A historians don’t want visitors to make wrong assumptions.

B facts can never be presented without judgments.

C historians also have misconceptions and prejudices.

D historians can be legally prosecuted for wrong interpretations.

15. In the last paragraph, the writer notes that our view of history is biased because

A we fail to use our imagination.

B only very durable objects remain from the past.

C we tend to ignore things that displease us.

D museum exhibits focus too much on the local area.

II. USE OF ENGLISH

For items 1-15 fill in the gaps in the text choosing an appropriate word from the column on the right. Choose one word once only . There are two extra words in the right column which you don’t have to choose.

Researchers at the University of Toronto have discovered that people who live in areas jostling with fast food outlets are constitutionally less able to slow down and enjoy the simple things in life. Apparently, it's not just a question of additives and sugar ruining their powers of 1) __ : the Toronto research showed that just looking at a photograph of the McDonald's golden arch or KFC chicken is 2) __ to give you the fidgets. As a result, you're less likely to 3) __ images of natural beauty or an operatic aria than if you had dined at home with a proper knife and fork. The panic around the moral and psychological damage of fast food – 4) __ the obesity debate – is a familiar one. Behind Jamie Oliver’s abhorrence of the Turkey Twizzler’s empty calories was always a much deeper suspicion of what it represented: ignorance, indifference, a wilful 5)__ to imagine a better way of feeding the future. It's for that reason that, back in the early 19th-century, moralists including William Cobbett churned out a whole array of 'cottage economies' and 'penny cookbooks' aimed at stopping the working classes from squandering money in the pie shop. These prim moral primers were full of bright suggestions for turning the scraggy end of lamb and on-the-turn turnips into 6 )__ that not only nourished body and soul but also saved pennies for a rainy day.

Fifty years later, Mrs Beeton had the moral dangers of fast food in mind when she announced to her readers her reasons for writing her venerable cookbook: she wanted to 7) __ husbands away from the clubs and taverns into 8) __ they were apt to dive at the end of a long working day, desperate for a quick supper. Beeton's solution was to set 9) __ the weary homecomer a series of delicious labour-intensive dishes – the sort of thing no short- order cook would contemplate. Her soups often took 15 10) __ and required a 10-hour simmer.

The point of all these initiatives, from Cobbett to Oliver, has always been 11) __ about getting nutritious food inside people than to teach them a lesson. Learning how to make and eat slow food is to develop a capacity for delayed gratification that, in turn, fits 12) __ maker and consumer for life under capitalism.

What all those Victorian moralists missed – 13) __ as the Toronto report ignores – is that fast food is the emblematic product of maturing and late capitalism. Urban workers, forced to work longer and longer hours, do not have the time to invest in 14) __ from scratch. Those who are obliged to live in shared accommodation and rented digs may not have the right equipment for making real food slowly (Agas don't fit into bedsits; microwaves do). When you are 15) __ after a 10-hour shift, then soup is fiddly to consume on the way home. Burgers and kebabs, by contrast, are easy to eat with one hand and require neither plates nor knives. Far from being the refuseniks of capitalism, unable to master its first principle of delayed gratification, the people who rely on fast food outlets are its honourable foot soldiers. We should salute them.

Нормативно – правовая база:

- Устав МКОУ СОШ №15

- Положение о порядке проведения промежуточной аттестации в переводных классах в МКОУ СОШ №15

- Приказ директора об утверждении состава аттестационной комиссии, сроках и формах проведения промежуточной аттестации

1. Цель и содержание промежуточной аттестации.

Промежуточная (итоговая) аттестация направлена на оценку уровня сформированности у обучающихся 7-го класса лексико-грамматических навыков.

Назначение работы

Данная работа по английскому языку в 7 классе проводится в форме теста. Тексты заданий промежуточной (итоговой) аттестации соответствуют формулировкам, принятым в учебниках, включенных в Федеральный перечень учебников, рекомендуемых Министерством просвещения РФ к использованию при реализации имеющих государственную аккредитацию образовательных программ основного общего образования.

Предлагаемые тесты позволяют выяснить, насколько знания и умения учащихся 7-го класса соответствуют основным программным требованиям.

Структура варианта промежуточной (аттестационной) работы

Каждый вариант промежуточной (итоговой) аттестационной работы включает 4 задания: аудирование, чтение, грамматика и лексика.

Кодификаторы проверяемых элементов содержания и требований к уровню подготовки

Распределение заданий проверочной работы по проверяемым умениям, навыкам и видам деятельности

Объекты контроля

Кол-во элементов оценивания

Баллы за каждый правильный ответ

Максимальное количество баллов

Аудирование с пониманием запрашиваемой информации в прослушанном тексте

Чтение с пониманием основного содержания прочитанного текста

Языковые средства и навыки оперирования ими в коммуникативно-значимом контексте: грамматические формы

Языковые средства и навыки оперирования ими в коммуникативно-значимом контексте: лексические единицы

Максимальный балл

В заданиях по аудированию проверяется сформированность умений понимать в прослушанном тексте запрашиваемую информацию. В заданиях по чтению проверяется сформированность умений понимать основное содержание прочитанного текста.

В заданиях по грамматике и лексике проверяются навыки оперирования изученными грамматическими формами и лексическими единицами в коммуникативно значимом контексте на основе предложенного связного текста.

Время выполнения работы

Время, отводимое на выполнение этой работы: 45 минут.

Система оценивания выполнения отдельных заданий и работы в целом

В задании 1 по аудированию учащийся получает 1 балл за каждое правильно установленное соответствие. Максимум за успешное выполнение задания 1 – 5 баллов.

В задании 2 (чтение с пониманием основного содержания текста), 3 (употребление грамматических форм в связном тексте) и 4 (употребление лексических единиц в связном тексте) учащийся получает 1 балл за каждый правильно выбранный ответ. Максимум за успешное выполнение задания 2 – 5 баллов, задания 3 – 5 баллов, задания 4 – 5 баллов.

Таблица перевода баллов в отметки по пятибальной шкале

Отметка по пятибальной шкале

Первичные баллы

8 - 11

12 - 17

18 – 20

Ключи к работе.

АУДИОТЕКСТ К ЗАДАНИЮ 1

Вариант 1/2

Sam: Hi, Rachel! What are you doing here?

Rachel: Hi! I’ve been to my dad’s office. My mother asked me to give him some papers. And now I’m walking home.

Sam: What does your dad do?

Rachel: He is an accountant.

Sam: Mine is a musician, a violinist.

Rachel: Wow! It must be very exciting.

Sam: Yes, it certainly is. Dad loves music. He enjoys playing his violin. Sometimes he plays from early morning till evening when preparing for a concert.

Rachel: Goodness me! Does he have any time for hobbies?

Sam: Not a lot really. We play football every weekend through if he doesn’t perform. And what is your dad’s hobby?

Rachel: He likes fishing.

Sam: Fishing! For me it is a bit boring to sit there and wait for so long doing nothing.

Rachel: Actually he doesn’t seem to think so. It gives him relief from stress. Even it he catches no fish at all, it is much better than the time spent at home doing chores.

Sam: Sounds interesting! Maybe you are right.

Промежуточная аттестация по английскому языку в 7 классе

Выполнил (а) _______________________________________________________________

Раздел 1. Аудирование

Вы услышите диалог. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

Rachel is going _______________.

1. to a concert 2. home 3. to her dad’s office

Rachel’s dad is _______________.

1. a musician 2. a violinist 3. an accountant

Sam’s dad loves _________________.

1. music 2. fishing 3. dancing

Sam and his father play football _________________ .

1. every Wednesday 2. every weekend 3. every day

Rachel’s father thinks fishing is _______________ .

1. interesting 2. exciting 3. Boring

Установите соответствие тем 1 – 6 текстам A – E. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании одна тема лишняя.

njoy mountain hiking
Activity holidays
Discover earlier cultures
Wildlife holidays
Feed wild animals
Polar expeditions

А. Our agency offers different activities for everyone, people who love danger or who just like sports. We have a huge variety of water, snow or desert holidays. Enjoy scuba diving in the Red Sea or kayaking and whitewater rafting in Canada. Prefer snow? You can try skiing or snowboarding in the Alps or even igloo – building. For those who like warmer weather, we also have sandboarding (the desert version of skateboarding) or camel safaris.

В. Take a cruise to Antarctica or the northern Arctic; explore a land of white beauty and wonderful wildlife. Our specialists will explain everything about the two poles as you watch the penguins in Antarctica or whales and polar bears in the Arctic. There’s no greater adventure than travelling to the ends of the earth. A once-in-a-lifetime experience!

С. Our cultural journeys will give you an opportunity to touch ancient civilisations: India, Thailand, Egypt and many more. Visit temples, palaces and ancient ruins – just remember to bring your camera! Learn about local ways of life by exploring markets, trying exotic foods and meeting local people. See it with your own eyes!

D. We have trekking holidays to famous places such as Machu Picchu or the Everest Base Camp Trek, as well as some the Highlands of Scotland. You don’t need to be very sporty, just fairly fit. You’ll have a great time enjoying nature with a group of new friends. Some of the holidays include camping, but we’ll transport the tents for you!

Е. We organise small group tours to get closer to nature in Africa, Asia or South America. Go on safari in Africa and watch lions and giraffes. Meet the famous turtles of the Galapagos Islands. Look for tigers in India, or take an elephant safari in Sri Lanka. We use local guides and stay in different accommodation, from tents to tree houses.

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст и вставьте вместо каждого пропуска 7 – 11 нужную грамматическую форму, выбрав её из списка. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному вами варианту ответа.

The best way to travel

In the (7) _________________ regions of Russia you’ll see every type of modern transport. But during the winter months the Sakhara Republic (or Yakutia) becomes one of the coldest parts of the world. Temperatures fall as low (8) ________________ - 50°C. Car engines can freeze and even if your car (9) _______________ , the snow and ice on the road can make it impossible t travel. When the weather is like this, the best way to travel is with a team of dogs pulling you. Popularity of dog sledding (10) _________________ with the arrival of Russian traders to the Arctic. Yakutian Laikas might not be as fast as a modern snowmobile but they are better for the environment. The journey is also much quieter than by a snowmobile.

Everyone (11) ______________ that kids love sledding. They also love dogs. If you combine the two with a dose of clear blue sky, you will have the perfect family winter adventure.

1. so 2. as 3. to 4. than

1. starts 2. start 3. started 4. is starting

1. has appeared 2. had appeared 3. appeared 4. was appeared

1. know 2. knows 3. is knowing 4. are knowing

Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски 12 – 16 подходящими словами из списка 1 – 7. В ответе укажите цифры, под которыми значатся выбранные вами слова. Два слова в этом списке лишние.

There are seventeen different kinds of penguins that live in the (12) ________________ and oceans south of equator. Most people think that penguins live in very (13) ______________ climates like the icy continent of Antarctica, but they also live in warmer areas like the Galapages Islands, Australia, and South Africa. They are birds that cannot fly, but love to (14) _________________ ! The Galapagos penguin lives in the waters of the Galapoagos Islands near South America. It is very small. It is about 45 centimetres tall, and (15) _______________ about 2.5 kilograms. Its body is black and white. On its black head there is a thin white line, which runs from its throat up to its eyes. The pinguin’s legs are very short.

Galapagos penguins eat small (16) ______________ . they live up to twenty years.

Промежуточная аттестация по английскому языку в 7 классе

Выполнил (а) _______________________________________________________________

Раздел 1. Аудирование

Rachel is going _______________.

1. to a concert 2. home 3. to her dad’s office

Rachel’s dad is _______________.

1. a musician 2. a violinist 3. an accountant

Sam’s dad loves _________________.

1. music 2. fishing 3. dancing

Sam and his father play football _________________ .

1. every Wednesday 2. every weekend 3. every day

Rachel’s father thinks fishing is _______________ .

1. interesting 2. exciting 3. Boring

nderstandable books
New objects discovered
The Milky Way is not the only one
Exciting mathematics
An inspiring fruit
The honourable prize

A. American astronomer Edwin Hubble is famous for discovering the existence of other galaxies, as well as his important work of astrophysics and his invention of the most powerful Hubble Space Telescope. Hubble had a great influence on astronomy, and science in general, by showing that other galaxies besides our own Milky Way existed. People used to think that there was only Milky Way galaxy, Hubble’s discoveries which were announced in 1925 changed our view of the universe. An asteroid and a moon crater were also named after him.

B. Sir Isaak Newton is one of the most influential scientists of all time. He came up with numerous theories and ideas in many different fields such as physics, mathematics and philosophy. In 1687, Newton published the book Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica. In it he describes universal gravitation and the three laws of movement. Newton was known to have said that his work on developing a theory of gravitation was inspired by watching an apple fall from a tree. A story is well-known to this very day.

C. Stephen Hawking was one of the most famous scientists of modern times. He gave the world of science a lot of new ideas and theories. He helped to make science popular with general public by writing easy-to-read books such as A Brief History of Time. Hawking worked a lot on the subject of black holes, providing theories for their behaviour, including the idea that they emit radiation.

D. Galileo Galilei was an Italian scientist who helped open the eyes of the world to a new way of thinking about our solar system and astronomy in general. Among his inventions were telescopes, a compass and a thermometer. With his telescopes Galileo could observe the sky in absolutely new ways. He discovered Jupiter’s four largest satellite moons. The discovery of these moons was against scientific ideas of that time and it was difficult for Galileo to explain to some people that he had indeed discovered such objects.

E. Albert Einstein is perhaps the most famous scientist of all time. Both his image and brilliant work on theoretical physics live on today and he is an inspiration to young scientists around the world. Even when he was very young, Einstein showed great ability in both math and science. He was naturally curious and had a brilliant analytical mind. He is also well known for his theory of relativity. Einstein won the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on theoretical physics.

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