Джек лондон сочинение на английском
Обновлено: 04.07.2024
To begin with I have to admit that i'm fond of reading. I have been doing regular reading since my childhood. I liked to read books about the history of our country, about famous people and adventures. Literature means much in my life. It helps to form the character and the world outlook, to understand better life. Books teach us to be honest, modest, and courageous. They help us to feel compassion for weak people.
Jack London became my favourite writer from his first books i'd read. It was his novel "Martin Iden". First of all I got interested in Jack London as a personality. His life story struck me not less than his works. What a man! He was strong and talented. He lived a life of adventures and hardships. So he knew what he was writing about. In his novel "Martin Iden" he describes his biography. What a hard life he lived!
Jack London was born in San Francisco in 1876. From his childhood he suffered greatly. He changed a lot of jobs: selling out newspapers, working at the factory. He hated that kind of job, which exhausted people and made them suffer physically and morally.
Young Jack had no opportunity to go to school. So he studied privately reading much at night.
When gold was found in Alaska, Jack London joined the gold rush. He returned home without gold but with rich impressions about people with whom he met and made friends. They became the prototypes of his heroes.
That is why it is so interesting to read his novels "The Call of the Wild" and "White Fang". His heroes are bright личностей. They are physically strong and enduring people. They try to find a way out from the most difficult situations. They fight and survive.
The very first story "The Love of Life" caught my fancy. I was struck by the will of a sick man who found himself alone, side by side with a wolf. Both the man and the wolf were sick and weak. And each of them was waiting for the other to grow still weaker and faint. The man won. While reading the story I admired the courage and human spirit of the hero.
The story "Brown Wolf' is not less interesting. It's about a dog and his devotion to people.
Later I read more novels and stories by Jack London. My fondness of Jack London, the greatest American writer, will stay with me all my life.
adventure [əd'ventʃə] - приключение
world outlook ['autluk] - мировоззрение
compassion [kəm'pæʃ(ə)n] - сожаление, жалость, сочувствие
hardship ['ha:dʃɪp] - нужда, нищета, нужда
to exhaust [ɪg'zɔ:st] - истощать, исчерпывать; опустошать
to suffer ['sʌfə] - страдать
enduring [ɪn'djuərɪŋ] - выносливый
to survive [sə'vаɪv] - выжить, остаться в живых, уцелеть
to faint [feint] - слабеть (от голода и т.п.), терять сознание, упасть в обморок
to admire [əd'maɪə] - восхищаться; любоваться
devotion [dɪ'vəuʃ(ə)n] - преданность, верность
1. Why are you fond of reading?
2. Why is it necessary to read a lot?
3. What kinds of books do you like to read?
4. What is your favourite book ?
5. Шго is your favourite writer?
6. Do you know many of his/her books?
7. What do his/her books teach you ?
8. Do you know your favourite writer's biography?
9. Why is he/she so famous?
Мой любимый писатель Джек Лондон (1876-1916)
Прежде всего мне придется признать, что я очень люблю читать. Я постоянно читал с детства. Мне нравилось читать книги об истории нашей страны, о знаменитых людях, а также я любил приключенческую литературу. Литература много значит в моей жизни. Она формирует мой характер и мировоззрение, помогает лучше понять жизнь. Книги учат нас быть честными, скромными и отважными, выражать сочувствие к слабым людям.
Джек Лондон родился в Сан-Франциско в 1876 году. С детства он испытал немало лишений: сменил много работ, чтобы выжить, продавал газеты, работал на фабрике, - и возненавидел ту работу, которая истощает людей и заставляет их страдать физически и морально.
Мальчик не имел возможности учиться в школе. Следовательно, он учился самостоятельно, много читая ночью.
Когда на Аляске было найдено золото, Джек Лондон присоединился к тем, кого поразила золотая лихорадка. Он вернулся домой без золота, но с богатыми впечатлениями о людях, которых он встретил и с которыми подружился. Они стали прототипами его героев.
Позже я читал романы и другие рассказы Джека Лондона. Моя любовь к этому крупнейшего американского писателя останется со мной на всю жизнь.
Тема по английскому языку: Джек Лондон
Американский писатель
Джек Лондон родился в 1876 в Сан-Франциско. Его настоящее имя было Джон Гриффит. Он был самым успешным писателем Америки начала 20 века, чья жизнь символизировала силу воли.
Происхождение
Семья Лондона была очень бедна, поэтому он начал работать в возрасте 8 лет. Он продавал газеты, работал на кораблях и фабриках. Джек путешествовал через океан как моряк, шел пешком из Сан Франциско в Нью Йорк с армией безработных и назад через Канаду в Ванкувер. Лондон изучал великих мастеров литературы и читал работы великих ученых и философов.
Заключение
Поворотным событием в жизни Джека было тридцатидневное заключение, которое заставило учиться и позднее заняться писательской деятельностью.
Лучшие короткие рассказы
Последние годы жизни
В течение 16 лет своей литературной деятельности Джек Лондон издал около 50 книг: Короткие рассказы, романы и эссе. В 1910 году Лондон поселился около Глен Элен в Калифорнии, где намеревался построить дом своей мечты. После того как дом сгорел до его завершения в 1913, Лондон был разбитым и больным человеком. Джек Лондон умер от различных болезней и лечения с помощью наркотиков в возрасте 40 лет в 1916.
Jack London
American writer
Jack London was born in 1876 in San Francisco. His real name was John Griffit. He was the most successful writer in America in the early 20 th century, whose life symbolized the power of will.
Background
London’s family was very poor, so he began to work at the age of eight. He sold newspapers, worked on ships and in factories. Jack travelled across the ocean as a sailor, tramped from San Francisco to New York with an army of unemployed and back through Canada to Vancouver. London studied the great masters of literature and read the works of great scientists and philosophers.
Imprisonment
The turning point of Jack’s life was a thirty-day imprisonment, which made him decide to turn to education and pursue a career in writing.
His best short stories
In 1897 Jack London joined the gold rush to the Klondike. He didn’t bring any gold back with him but those years left their mark in his best short stories; among them The Call of the Wild, White Fang, The Son of the Wolf, and The white silence. They are gripping narratives of a man’s struggle with nature. His novel The Sea Wolf was based on his experiences at sea.
The problems of the individual and society as well as some of the difficulties London himself met during the first years of his literary work are described in The Iron Heel and Martin Eden.
The last year of life
During the sixteen years of his literary career Jack London published about fifty books: short stories, novels and essays. In 1910 London settled near Glen Ellen in California, where he intended to build his dream home. After the house burned down before completion in 1913, London was a broken and sick man. Jack London died from various diseases and drug treatments at the age of forty in 1916.
Jack London took his place in American literature at the beginning of the twentieth century. At that time, the library shelves and bookshops of America were already full of books by well-known authors.
But Jack London’s stories were new stories: his heroes were not like heroes in books by famous authors, and the pictures he painted were not the same as theirs. The men in his books live a difficult life, a life full of danger.
In the terrible world that Jack London shows us in his stories, a man who makes even the smallest mistake must fall and die in the snow. But his people are afraid of nothing, and nothing can stop them.
People in books by London never lose hope: they never stop fighting for life, even when the end seems near. That is the lesson every man and woman must learn – that in everything we want and everything we do, if we do not lose hope, we must and will win.
Jack London. The Biography (part 1)
Jack London’s credo
Кредо Джека Лондона (в переводе на русский язык)
Я предпочел бы гореть ярким пламенем, а не задыхаться от пыли. Я бы предпочел быть сверкающим метеором, а не спящей и вечной планетой. Человек должен жить, а не существовать. Я не собираюсь тратить свои дни, пытаясь продлить свое существование. Я тороплюсь ЖИТЬ!
Jack London’s life was not easy. And it was not long – he lived less than forty years. But he saw more and did more during those years than many other men see and do in almost a century.
Jack London was born in San Francisco, California, in 1876. His father was poor, and there were many other children in the family. They always needed money, and Jack, who was older than the other children, had to help as much as he could. When he was only eight years old, he was already selling newspapers and going to school at the same time. But after a few years, he had to leave school and go to work.
Like many other poor boys in California, he found work on the ships that went from America to the countries of the East, and to the islands of the South Seas. There he saw wonderful places: beautiful green islands in the endless blue sea, and high mountains that threw red fire into the black night sky. But the ships paid boys very little, and when Jack came back to California he had almost northing.
So he left home again, this time to look for work in the big cities of the United States, and in the great forests and on the great lakes and rivers of Canada. He never had a day’s rest and he worked from morning to night. But when the day’s work was over, he listens to the men’s jokes and their conversations about places and people, about workers and revolution.
When he came home again, Jack London was full of a new idea. He was going to become a writer. “I have been to such wonderful places and I have heard such interesting stories,” he thought. “I am sure they will be interesting to other people too.”
But to his surprise, when he tried to write, he couldn’t make the words tell the stories. His language was poor and it was full of mistakes, because he did not know grammar. “I never learned English,” he thought, “because I couldn’t go to school. But why can’t I go to school now? The pupils will be surprised when they see somebody so much older in the class room. But I’ll be ashamed when I can’t pronounce difficult words. But my memory isn’t bad, and if they can study physics and mathematics and biology, I can too. And I’ll learn English together with science!”
And he did! He learned from his teachers and from other pupils, but most of all, he learned from books. He read all the books on the shelves of the school library and the city library. He read all afternoon, and he sat half the night with a book or a textbook in front of him and a large dictionary at his side. As he read novels by well-known authors, he tried to notice the words they used and how they used them: he tried to discover the secrets of their art.
If you study English, find in the text and read aloud:
a) the sentences in the text about the places that Jack London visited:
b) the sentences that explain what is new in his stories:
Jack London. The Biography (part 2)
Pupils went to high school for two years, but Jack London finished high school in three months. He even went to college for a short time, but then he decided not to continue. “I haven’t enough money to study,” he thought, “And I haven’t enough time to learn so slowly. I have always learned more from great thinkers than from lectures at college.”
Day after day, month after month, he wrote: short stories, poems, plays. But nobody noticed him: the magazines refused to publish his works. At first, Jack was helpless and angry, but then he said:” Perhaps they are right. I haven’t yet become a writer. But I haven’t lost this fight – no, I am only beginning.” Often he had no money, and he had to stop writing and look for work. But soon as he had some money, he stopped working and began to write again.
In 1896, when Jack London was twenty years old, gold was discovered in Alaska. The whole world suddenly became interested in this cold country, where almost nobody lived. Men who usually never went near a library began to go there, to study maps of the “new” country, its history and geography.
Like the other men who came to Alaska, Jack hadn’t enough food, and he had no vegetables or fruit. At first, he didn’t think about what he was eating, and he refused to think that he was not well. But at last he became seriously ill, and he had to come back home to San Francisco.
He came back without gold, but with something better the yellow metal: in his memory was the whole rich world of the Far North. His life there, his conversations with people he met and the stories they told him were enough for a whole library of books. He remembered everything, and now he knew how to write!
He began again. When he was twenty three, a small magazine agreed to publish his stories: soon, well-known, important magazines invited him to write for them.
Who can say why a writer becomes popular? At the end of the 19 th century, book usually told about gentlemen in high hats and ladies in beautiful clothes, who always used the best language when they spoke. Jack London’s stories were about men who fought with animals and each other, who lived for months without daylight, and then for months without night, men who were left in the endless snow-fields until the wolves came….
Many ladies and gentlemen said: “This is not art!” But there were thousands and thousands who were afraid to know what happened to men in those terrible places, who understand and loved London’s books.
Jack London loved people and was sure that the man is strong and better than anything in the world.
If you study English,
a) try to say what you have learnt about Jack London, his books and his characters
b) say if you like Jack London and why
Jack London, the world famous American writer, who reflected the hopes, conflicts, frustrations and romantic impulses of the period, was born at San Francisco, Calif. (1) , (on) Jan. 12, 1876. His family soon moved to Oakland, Calif., where as he wrote in his autobiographical "John Barleycorn" (1913) he had quitted school at 14 and started working for a living as his family was very poor. Before he was sixteen he had become an oyster pirate (2) but soon he realized that this kind of life was not for him. As a sailor on a sealing cruise (3) he sailed as far as Japan. The experience of the cruise formed the basis of his future sea stories.
As a member of Kelly’s Industrial Army (4) he took part in the march of the unemployed on Washington (5) (1894). Later he joined railroad tramps and was arrested and put in prison for vagrancy. The story "Road" (1907) described what he himself had experienced when riding roads.
About the age of 19 he attended Oakland High School for a short time and then had a year at the University of California. He had to quit college and get a job because he had no money to pay his tuition.
Observation of depression conditions, of social injustice turned him to socialism (1894). Later he decided to join the Socialist Party. In winter of 1897 London joined the gold rush to the Klondike. (6) He got no gold but he had found something better than the yellow metal. The wonderful stories written after he (had) returned were based on the life he had lived and on what he had seen in the North.
One day a San Francisco paper advertised a writing contest. Jack’s mother made him write a story. She used to say that jack had seen and done a lot, that he had always been an excellent storyteller. London wrote a story and it won the first prize, 25 dollars.
In three of his books he made an attempt to describe the class struggle: "The War of Classes" (1905), "The Iron Heel" (1907) and "Revolution" (1908).
After 1909 London broke with the American socialist movement and resigned from the Socialist Party, which, as he thought, had betrayed the working class and sold itself to the ruling class.
He died (committed suicide) on November 22, 1916.
Notes
1. was born at San Francisco, Calif. (California) — родился недалеко (в районе) г. Сан-Франциско в штате Калифорния. Поэтому и употреблен предлог at — у, около.
2. he had become an oyster pirate — он занимался незаконной ловлей устриц.
3. as a sailor on a sealing cruise — в качестве матроса зверобойного судна (судна для охоты на тюленей)
4. Kelley’s Industrial Army — Рабочая Армия Келли — движение, объединившее безработных Сан-Франциско и других промышленных городов в годы промышленного спада в конце XIX века.
5. the march of the unemployed on Washington — поход безработных на Вашингтон. Обратите внимание на употребление предлога on в сочетании "a march on".
6. the Klondike — район Клондайка на Аляске, где были обнаружены залежи золота.
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