Рассказ о галилео галилее на английском кратко
Обновлено: 05.07.2024
Galileo is often called the founder of modern science. He made many discoveries in astronomy and physics and he built telescopes to study space.
Galileo Galilei was born in Pisa, Italy in 1564. His father sent him to the university to study medicine, but young Galileo was more interested in science and mathematics.
Galileo made one of his greatest discoveries as he sat in a cathedral of Pisa. As he watched a chandelier swing back and forth he noticed that longer and shorter swings took the same time. This discovery became known as the law of the pendulum. These and other important discoveries made him so well-known that Galileo became a professor at the University of Pisa.
Galileo often questioned scientific facts of his age. For a long time people thought that heavier objects fall to Earth faster than lighter ones. By dropping objects of the same size but different weights from the Leaning Tower of Pisa Galileo showed that this wasn't true.
In 1609 Galileo constructed his first telescope. He used it to observe the stars and the planets. He saw things that nobody had ever seen before. Galileo discovered that the moon's surface was not smooth and flat, like everyone thought, but had a rough surface and was full of craters.
In January 1610 Galileo discovered 4 moons revolving around the Jupiter. They were named after him, the Galilean moons. These observations proved that not the Earth was the centre of the solar system, but the sun. It was a discovery that Copernicus had made 60 years earlier.
The Roman Catholic Church did not always like what Galileo taught. It still believed that the Earth was the centre of the universe and everything revolved around it. The church ordered him not to teach such ideas any more.
In 1633 Galileo was brought before the Inquisition, the Church's court. It sentenced him to life in prison because of his teachings. Galileo was put under house arrest because he was old and not so healthy any more. He spent the last years of his life in Florence, where he continued to work on his theories and even published a final book. He became blind and died in 1642.
In 1992 Pope John Paul II published a document that said the Church made a mistake by condemning Galileo.
•Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) was an Italian astronomer, philosopher, and mathematician whose discoveries with the telescope revolutionized astronomy and paved the way for the acceptance of the Copernican Heliocentric System.
•Galilei was the first to use the newly invented telescope to study celestial objects. He was the first to see Saturn’s rings (although his telescope was not good enough to clearly show them as rings).
•Galileo also demonstrated the principles of gravity 50 years before Isaac Newton. Galileo’s formula of inertia, the law of falling bodies, and parabolic trajectories marked the beginning of a fundamental change in the study of motion.
Галиле́о Галиле́й (итал. Galileo Galilei ; 15 февраля 1564, Пиза — 8 января 1642, Арчетри) — итальянский физик, механик, астроном, философ, математик, оказавший значительное влияние на науку своего времени.
Он одним из первых использовал телескоп для наблюдения небесных тел и сделал ряд выдающихся астрономических открытий. Галилей — основатель экспериментальной физики. Своими экспериментами он убедительно опроверг умозрительную метафизику Аристотеля и заложил фундамент классической механики.
При жизни был известен как активный сторонник гелиоцентрической системы мира, что привело Галилея к серьёзному конфликту с католической церковью.
Биография Галилео Галилея на английском языке. Biography of Galileo Galilei
Galileo is often called the founder of modern science. He made many discoveries in astronomy and physics and he built telescopes to study space.
Galileo Galilei was born in Pisa, Italy in 1564. His father sent him to the university to study medicine, but young Galileo was more interested in science and mathematics.
Galileo made one of his greatest discoveries as he sat in a cathedral of Pisa. As he watched a chandelier swing back and forth he noticed that longer and shorter swings took the same time. This discovery became known as the law of the pendulum. These and other important discoveries made him so well-known that Galileo became a professor at the University of Pisa.
Galileo often questioned scientific facts of his age. For a long time people thought that heavier objects fall to Earth faster than lighter ones. By dropping objects of the same size but different weights from the Leaning Tower of Pisa Galileo showed that this wasn’t true.
In 1609 Galileo constructed his first telescope. He used it to observe the stars and the planets. He saw things that nobody had ever seen before. Galileo discovered that the moon’s surface was not smooth and flat, like everyone thought, but had a rough surface and was full of craters.
In January 1610 Galileo discovered 4 moons revolving around the Jupiter. They were named after him, the Galilean moons. These observations proved that not the Earth was the centre of the solar system, but the sun. It was a discovery that Copernicus had made 60 years earlier.
The Roman Catholic Church did not always like what Galileo taught. It still believed that the Earth was the centre of the universe and everything revolved around it. The church ordered him not to teach such ideas any more.
In 1633 Galileo was brought before the Inquisition, the Church’s court. It sentenced him to life in prison because of his teachings. Galileo was put under house arrest because he was old and not so healthy any more. He spent the last years of his life in Florence, where he continued to work on his theories and even published a final book. He became blind and died in 1642.
In 1992 Pope John Paul II published a document that said the Church made a mistake by condemning Galileo.
Galileo Galilei / Галилео Галилей — текст на английском с переводом
The work of Italian scientist Galileo Galilei
Работа итальянского ученого Галилео Галилея
(known as Galileo)
(известного по имени Галилей)
revolutionized astronomy.
сделала революцию в астрономии.
Galileo developed the telescope
Галилей изобрел телескоп
and made important discoveries about the planets and the sun.
и сделал важные открытия о планетах и Солнце.
His observations confirmed the work of the Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus (1473–1543)
Его наблюдения подтвердили работу польского астронома Николая Коперника (1473–1543),
who believed that the Earth and other planets revolve around the sun.
который верил, что Земля и другие планеты двигаются вокруг Солнца.
This finding went against the Church’s teaching
Это открытие противоречило учению церкви о том,
that the Earth is the center of the universe,
что Земля является центром мироздания,
and the Church punished Galileo.
и церковь покарала Галилея.
Galileo suggested the use of the pendulum in clocks
Галилей предложил использовать маятник в часах,
and also discovered an important principle about gravity
а также открыл важнейший закон тяготения,
that the rate at which an object falls is not related to its weight.
гласящий, что скорость падения тела не зависит от его веса.
Биографию ученного на английском с переводом
Father Vincenzo Galilei, who belonged to an impoverished aristocratic family, played the lute and wrote treatises on music theory. Vincenzo was a member of the Florentine Camerata society, whose members sought to revive the ancient Greek tragedy. The result of the activity of musicians, poets and singers was the creation of a new genre of opera at the turn of the 16th-17th centuries.
Julia Ammannati’s mother led a household and raised four children: the elder Galileo, Virginia, Libya and Michelangelo. The youngest son followed in the footsteps of his father and subsequently became famous for composer’s art. When Galileo was 8 years old, the family moved to the capital of Tuscany, the city of Florence, where the Medici dynasty flourished, known for its patronage to artists, musicians, poets and scientists.
Отец Винченцо Галилей, принадлежавший к обедневшему роду аристократов, играл на лютне и писал трактаты по теории музыки. Винченцо входил в общество Флорентийской камераты, участники которой стремились возродить древнегреческую трагедию. Результатом деятельности музыкантов, поэтов и певцов стало создание на рубеже XVI-XVII веков нового жанра оперы.
Мать Джулия Амманнати вела домашнее хозяйство и воспитывала четырех детей: старшего Галилео, Вирджинию, Ливию и Микеланджело. Младший сын пошел по стопам отца и впоследствии прославился композиторским искусством. Когда Галилео было 8 лет, семья перебралась в столицу Тосканы, город Флоренцию, где процветала династия Медичи, известная своим покровительством художникам, музыкантам, поэтам и ученым.
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Galileo Galilei was the founder of experimental and mathematical method of studying nature. He left a detailed account of this method and formulated the major principles of the mechanical world. His research fundamentally influenced the development ofscientific thought. It is he who goes back to physics as a science.
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Early Years Born 15 Feb. 1564 in Pisa Educated in Camaldolese Monastery Father wanted him to be a medical doctor Interested in mathematics
Discoveries Observed swinging lamps in Cathedral of Pisa and found period to be independent of the amplitude – idea for a pendulum clock Used inclined planes to prove that bodies do not fall with velocities proportionate to their weight but proportionate to time.
Copernican Theory I hold that the Sun is located at the centre of the revolutions of the heavenly orbs and does not change place, and that the Earth rotates on itself and moves around it. Moreover . I confirm this view not only by refuting Ptolemy's and Aristotle's arguments, but also by producing many for the other side, especially some pertaining to physical effects whose causes perhaps cannot be determined in any other way, and other astronomical discoveries; these discoveries clearly confute the Ptolemaic system, and they agree admirably with this other position and confirm it. In February 1632 Galileo published Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief Systems of the World - Ptolemaic and Copernican . -- Conclusion was right, but the proof was wrong
Catholic Church Galileo found guilty of breaching the Inquisition of 1616 and sentenced to lifelong imprisonment Allowed house arrest rather than imprisonment
Interesting Facts In 1588 Galileo was invited to give a lecture on the dimensions and location of hell in Dante’s Inferno He described his 18 years as professor of mathematics at the Univ. of Padua as the happiest years in his life
Cool Quotes [The universe] cannot be read until we have learnt the language and become familiar with the characters in which it is written. It is written in mathematical language, and the letters are triangles, circles and other geometrical figures, without which means it is humanly impossible to comprehend a single word. Opere Il Saggiatore p. 171. I do not feel obliged to believe that the same God who endowed us with sense, reason, and intellect intended us to forgo their use. Quoted in Des MacHale, Wisdom (London, 2002). I have never met a man so ignorant that I couldn't learn something from him. All truths are easy to understand once they are discovered; the point is to discover them.
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