Доклад про севастополь на английском

Обновлено: 27.04.2024

Sevastopol is one of two cities with special status in Ukraine (the other being the capital, Kiev), located on the Black Sea coast of the Crimean Peninsula. It has a population of 342,451 (2001). Sevastopol is the second largest port in Ukraine[dubious – discuss], after the Port of Odessa.
The unique geographic location and navigation conditions of the city's harbours make Sevastopol a strategically important naval point. It is also a popular seaside resort and tourist destination, mainly for visitors from the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) countries. The city, formerly the home of the Russian - then Soviet - Black Sea Fleet, is now home to a Ukrainian naval base and a Russian naval base in facilities leased by the Russian Navy. The headquarters of both the Ukrainian Naval Forces and Russia's Black Sea Fleet are located in the city.
The trade and shipbuilding importance of Sevastopol's port has been growing since the fall of the Soviet Union,[citation needed] despite the difficulties that arise from the joint military control over its harbours and piers. Sevastopol is also an important centre of marine biology research. In particular, studying and training of dolphins has been conducted in the city since the end of World War II. It was first conducted as a secret naval programme to use the animals for special undersea operations. Sevastopol enjoys one of the warmest climates in Ukraine, with mild winters and moderate warm summers.

Севастополь был основан в 1783 году. Город расположен на берегу Крымского полуострова, рядом с Черным морем. – Sevastopol was founded in 1783. The city is located on the Crimean peninsula, near the Black Sea.

Довольно недавно Севастополь считался частью Украины. Однако в наши дни город признан городом федерального значения Российской федерации. – Sevastopol used to be a part of Ukrain quiet recently. Nevertheless, nowdays the city is considered to be a сity of federal importance in the Russian Federation.

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Административное устройство города.
Севастополь состоит из 4 районов: Балаклавский район, Гагаринский район, Ленинский район и Нахимовский район. Интересно,что площадь Балаклавского района больше,чем площадь остальных районов,вместе взятых. – Sevastopol contains 4 districts: Balaklava district, Gagarin district, Leninsky district and Nakhimovsky district. Most interestingly, that the area of Balaklava district is bigger than the area of other three districts together in total.

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Площадь Севастополя и население.
В городе проживает более 300 000 жителей. Площадь города составляет 864 квадратных километра. – The city contains more than 300 000 inhabitants. The area of the city is approximately 900 square kilometers.

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Севастополь имеет богатую историю, поэтому стоит сказать пару слов о ней.
Севастополю досталась ключевая роль в Крымской войне 1853-1856.- Sevastopol had the key role in the Crimean war of 1853-1856 years. Севастополь получил звание “город-герой” в годы Второй Мировой войны за знаменитую Оборону Севастополя в 1941-1942 годах. – Sevastopol got the name of a “hero-city” in ages of the Second World War for famous Defense of Sevastopol in 1941-1942 ages.

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Далее следует рассказать о туристическом развитии города.
Севастополь – туристический город. Там находится около 49 километров пляжей, более 80 отелей, 10 яхтклубов и более 10 дайвинг-клубов.- Sevastopol is a touristic city. There is about 49 kilometers of beaches, more than 80 hotels, 10 yacht-clubs and more than 10 diving-clubs. Более того,в городе существует огромное разнообразие церквей и как минимум 13 музеев. – More over, there is a vide range of churches and, at least, 13 museums in the city.

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Описание презентации по отдельным слайдам:

Севастополь – город герой Автор: учитель английского языка Даниелян Лиана Яковна.

Hero City of Sevastopol Sevastopol - the federal city of the Russian Federation, located in the south-west of the Crimean peninsula on the Black Sea coast. Hero-City Sevastopol is the main naval base of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Federation.

The history of Sevastopol began in 1783.The bay of Akhtiar was noticed by Suvorov. Then in 1783 a military sea fortress and port appeared. First the town was called Akhtiar until its name was changed thanks to the order of Katherine II on the tenth of February in 1784. It is well-known for its heroic defense in the Crimean War in 1854—1855 . Since then it has been called Hero City .

We know and remember the defense of Sevastopol in the Great Patriotic War. The Nazis established cruel occupation regime in Sevastopol . 27 thousand civilians were killed. In April 15-16, 1944, Soviet troops came to Sevastopol

Nazi troops invaded the Crimea on October 20, 1941 and after 10 days reached the outskirts of Sevastopol. The city was not prepared for the defense from the land in advance, but the attempt of the Germans and Romanians to capture it failed. A stubborn defense of Sevastopol began, field fortifications were built in the course of the fighting, supply and replenishment, as well as the removal of the wounded and civilians were carried out only by sea, often under enemy air strikes.

On November 4 all our forces were united in defense of Sevastopol. On November 11th the enemy went on the offensive, with significant superiority in troops and artillery. After heavy fighting, suffering heavy losses, the Germans on November 21, stopped frontal attacks and went to lay siege to the city.

Since May 27, Sevastopol was exposed to constant shelling and air attacks. In the morning of 7 June, the enemy launched a strong attack on the entire perimeter of defense. After a fierce battle, our troops left Malakhov Hill on June 30th. Resistance has been going on the outskirts of the ruined city. 250-day defense of Sevastopol, despite its tragic end, showed the world unyielding dedication of Russian soldiers and sailors.

Particularly fierce battles were fought in the area around the mountain Sapun . On May 7th, 1944, Soviet troops captured by storm the heroic Sapun-mountain, where the enemy has created several layers of trenches, numerous machine-gun and artillery fire points. On May 9th, the 4th Ukrainian Front, supported by the Black Sea Fleet sailors freed Sevastopol from fascist occupation.

A monument dedicated to the heroism of the defenders of Sevastopol Monument to the Heroes of Sevastopol defense

Monument to Komsomol members who died during the Great Patriotic War Monument to the pilots of the 8th Air Force

Medical workers, participants of defense and liberation of the city 2 Guards Army

Armored Train "Zheleznyakov" Scouts of the Black Sea

Supreme Council Presidium Decree of the USSR about giving to hero city SEVASTOPOL Order of Lenin and medal "Gold Star" For his outstanding services to the country, the courage and heroism of Sevastopol workers in the struggle against the Nazi invaders, and to commemorate the 20th anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945to give the hero city of Sevastopol Order of Lenin and medal "Gold Star". Kremlin, Moscow, May 8th, 1965

Restoration of the city began in the first days after its release. The roar of battle still came, and Sevastopol was already beginning to come back to life. Revival of Sevastopol - this is another bright page of his heroic biography and the city was rebuilt. It became even more beautiful. Today Sevastopol is one of the largest industrial, scientific and cultural cities. It has a diversified economy: shipbuilding, instrumentation, fishing and fish processing, mining, light and food industries. It employs research institutions, training specialists of higher education.

Let lyrics will always sound over Sevastopol : Legendary Sevastopol, Impregnable to enemies, Sevastopol, Sevastopol - Pride of Russian sailors

Задание 1. Прочтите и переведите на русский язык с 1-го по 6-й абзацы текста. Перепишите и письменно переведите их.

2. We know and remember the defence of Sevastopol in the Great Patriotic War. (Мы знаем и помним освобождение Севастополя в Великую Отечественную Войну.) For 250 days the city was engaged in combat. (В течение 250 дней город был вовлечен в сражение.)

It cost the nazi invaders 300.000 officers and men. (Это стоило нацистским захватчикам 300 000 офицеров и мужчин) .

3. After the fascist invasion Sevastopol was in riuns. (После фашистского вторжения город был в руинах.) There were only a few buildings in the centre of the city. ( В центре города было только несколько зданий .) Today Sevastopol stretches for dozen of kilometers. ( Сегодня Севастополь тянется на тысячи километров .)

4. Sevastopol is a naval city. ( Севастополь – это морской город .) Its yards build passengers ships and repair merchant vessels. (В его мастерских строят пассажирские корабли и ремонтируют торговые судна.) They build powerful floating cranes as well. ( Они так же строят мощные морские краны .)

5. Sevastopol is also a research center. (Севастополь также является научно-исследовательским центром.) Scientists of the country’s oldest Institute of Biology of Southern Seas investigate the World Ocean. ( Ученые старейшего в стране Института Биологии Южных Морей исследуют мировой океан .) Theyhavemodernexpeditionaryshipsattheirdisposal. (У них в распоряжении есть современные экспедиционные корабли.)

6. A museum-city is yet another name of Sevastopol. (Город-музей – другое название Севастополя.) Monuments of culture, memorials, obelisks and sculptural groups form an organic part of its image. (Памятники культуры, мемориалы, обелиски и скульптурные группы формируют органичную часть имиджа города.)

Задание 2. Прочтите 7-й абзац текста и письменно ответьте на вопрос:

What is the entry in the visitors’ book of the Panorama of the 1854-1855 defence of Sevastopol?

- The entry in the visitors’ book of the Panorama of the 1854-1855 defence of Sevastopol is: “Malakhov Hill is a small hill, but what a good view opens from it of Russia, the whole, the entire history of its people and their heroic exploit.”

Задание 3. Перепишите следующие предложения. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием –s и какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т.е. служит ли оно:

а) показателем 3-го лица единственного числа глагола в PresentIndefinite;

б) признаком множественного числа имени существительного;

в) показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного.

Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Thelecturergaveseveralexamples (имя существит., множ. число ) oftheSevastopolscientists’ (притяжательный падеж имени существительного) internationalties (множ.ч. имени сущ.). / Лектор дал несколько примеров интернациональных связей ученых Севастополя.

2. The foundation of Sevastopol dates (3лицо ед.числа, глагол Present Indefinite) back to 1783. / Основание Севастополя относится к 1783.

3. The author mentions (3лицо ед.числа, глагол Present Indefinite) this phenomenon in his article. / Автор упоминает об этом феномене в своей статье .

Задание 4. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на особенности перевода на русский язык определений, выраженных имени существительным.

1. His father was one of the leaders of the partisan movement during World War II. / Его отец был одним из лидеров партизанского движения во время Второй Мировой Войны .

2. The reporter spoke about the fulfilment of the Food Programme in the region. / Репортер говорил об осуществлении Продовольственной Программы в регионе .

3. Not long ago our family moved into a large three-room flat. / Не так давно наша семья въехала в большую трехкомнатную квартиру .

Задание 5. Перепишите следующие предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения, и переведите их на русский язык.

1. The more I studied the English language, the more I liked it. / Чем больше я изучаю Английский язык, тем больше он мне нравится.

2. My friend is one of the best student of group. / Мой друг один из самых лучших студентов группы .

3. My room is smaller than that one. / Моя комната меньше , чем та .

Задание 6. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод неопределенных и отрицательных местоимений.

1. No student of that group studies Spanish. / Ни один студент той группы не изучает Испанский .

2. Some five hundred people were present at the meeting. / Целых пятьсот человек присутствовали на собрании .

3. Have you any books on chemistry? / У тебя есть сколько-нибудь книг по химии?

Задание 7. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в них видо-временные формы глаголов и укажите их инфинитив; переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The dean will come here later. (to come; The Future Indefinite) / Декан придет сюда позже .

2. The student made no mistakes in his translation. (to make; The Past Indefinite) / Студент не сделал ошибок в переводе .

3. Plasma is the fourth state of matter. (to be; The Present Continious) / Плазма это четвертое состояние материи .

В презентации даны точные и исторические данные о городе герое Севастополе, об знаменитых исторических памятниках, прсвященных ВОв.Материал можно использовать как дополнительный к теме город в котором я живу.

Проведена исследовательская работа в библиотеке и музее Освобождение Севастополя для написания презентации.

Excursion across Sevastopol

SIGHTS OF SEVASTOPOL AND ITS VICINITIES

Sevastopol! Perhaps there is no corner on the earth where would not know about our city. Its name became for a long time a courage and heroism symbol. The legendary Sevastopol earth by right is proud of the history. Store its waves of Black sea, a rock on its coast, streets and the areas, numerous monuments. Only on the state account, 2073 monuments consist of them 246 - archeology monuments, 1486 - history monuments, 292 - architecture and town-planning monuments. Thus it is far not all unique objects of a city have the official statute of monuments. In this presentation you will get acquainted with most known of them.

Monuments of the Crimean war

BROTHERLY CEMETERY DEFENDERS OF SEVASTOPOL

It is the biggest necropolis of Russian soldiers - participants of the Crimean war. Upon it are based about 50 thousand defenders of Sevastopol. It is organised in the end of September, 1854 under instructions of vice-admiral V.A.Kornilova. In the beginning was called as Peter and Paul, then began to be called Brotherly .

In 1870 St. Nikolay's temple-pyramid - the general monument to the lost defenders of Sevastopol (was under construction with 1857 for 1870) has been built. For the project of this temple architect A.A.Avdeev has been awarded ranks of the academician of architecture.

On a cemetery was available more than 500 communal graves and about 200 individual gravestones. Only 472 communal graves and about 120 individual gravestones now have remained.

DEFENSIVE TOWER OF THE KORNILOVSKY BASTION

One of the few castle constructions of the middle of XIX century, remained in a city up to now. It is constructed by summer of 1854 on means of inhabitants of Sevastopol, under the project of military engineer F.A.Starchenko .

Last day sieges and city defences, on August, 27th, 1855, in a tower have taken cover and within several hours battled to superior forces of Frenchmen about forty soldiers of the Modlinsky regiment and a handful of sailors. In the beginning frenchmentried to take it by storm, but have met fierce resistance. Then the general the Poppy-magon has ordered to impose a tower brushwood and to set fire, but, being afraid of explosion of a powder cellar, has cancelled the order. Frenchmen have hastily extinguished fire. Only bombardment by pomegranates from guns has stopped unequal struggle. This episode has entered into the first Russian art feature film "Defense of Sevastopol", removed in 1911 directors A.A.Hanzhonkovym and V.M.Goncharovym .

In 1956 the defensive tower became branch of the Museum of the Black Sea fleet, since 1963 in it there is an exposition of the Museum of Heroic defence and clearing of Sevastopol, telling about the events occurring on Malahov a barrow in days of Crimean and great domestic wars.

MONUMENT TO THE FLOODED SHIPS

On September, 11th, 1854 between Konstantinovsky and Aleksandrovsky batteries by order of the commander-in-chief of prince A.S.Menshikov for an input obstacle on spot-check have flooded seven courts: frigates “Sizopol", "Flora", the ships “Yriil", "Three Prelates", “Selafail", “Silistriya", "Varna". Vessels have left on a bottom together with guns and a rigging. Later, in February, 1855, from the Mihajlovsky fort on the North side to the Nikolaev battery - on Southern there was a second line of the masts acting from water: seamen have flooded eight more courts. The taken measures have made a fortress practically unapproachable from the sea.

In 1905 on a place of the second line of flooding of courts in ten metres from coast have established a monument. Its authors: the sculptor academician A.G.Adamson, architect V.A.Feldman and military engineer O.I.Enberg .

It towers on the square basis in the form of the rock combined from raw granite blocks. From it grows the pedestal topped with a harmonous Corinthian column from light grey polished diorita. It comes to the end with a bronze figure of a two-headed eagle with the open wings, bearing in a beak a laurel wreath - a glory symbol. Under base from a monument South side the bronze board with a relief card of the Sevastopol bay and a designation of lines of the flooded ships is strengthened.

Great Patriotic War monuments

AVENUE OF HERO TOWNS

In the centre of Sevastopol on Nakhimov's area the developed ensemble of historical monuments was added with one more complex monument — Avenue of hero towns .

With idea of creation of Avenue the veteran organisations of a city have acted. The project has been developed by the Sevastopol architects. On each of 13 plates- symbols of hero towns, the Gold Star of the Hero is fixed.

Solemn opening of the Walk of Fame of hero towns and the reconstructed Memorial to heroic defenders of Sevastopol has taken place on the eve of the 60 anniversary of the Great Victory and 61st anniversary of clearing of Sevastopol from fascist aggressors, on May, 8th, 2005.

MEMORIAL WALL IN HONOUR OF HEROIC DEFENSE OF SEVASTOPOL

Monumental monument devoted to a feat of defenders of Sevastopol in days of the Great Patriotic War, will erect on the central area of a city.
The massive ferro-concrete relief symbolising reflexion by defenders of three fascist storms, is built in 1967. Authors of the project architect I.E.Fialko and sculptor V.V. Jakovlev. In a niche 19 granite plates with names of parts and connections of the Black Sea fleet, Seaside army and the city organisations which were taking part in 250-day defence of Sevastopol are placed. Seven more plates with surnames of Heroes of Soviet Union, awarded it for the heroism, the capitals of the Black Sea fleet shown at protection are more to the right established.

On May, 6th, 1999 on the threshold of the 55 anniversary of clearing of Sevastopol from fascist aggressors at the Memorial wall Eternal fire has been lighted. The torch has been delivered from Eternal fire to the Sapun-grief.

It is the first monument built in the released Sevastopol by soldiers of captain A.A.Sineleva on July, 3-12rd, 1944 under the project of engineer-captain V.P.Korolyova. From a step rock the plane of type ЯК-3 as though flies up. On a monument an inscription: "there Will pass centuries, but the glory of the heroes-pilots who have fallen for clearing of Crimea" never will grow dim.
In 50 years, a monument executed from concrete reconstructed - it became granite. Near it on have established memorial plates with the list of army associations, connections and parts of 8th air army (the ordering Hero of Soviet Union general-letenant T.T.Hrjukin's aircraft), participating in fights for clearing of Sevastopol.

Opening has taken place on May, 7th, 1994, on it there was also an author of the project V.P.Korolyov.

MEMORABLE PLACES of 35 TH COASTAL BATTERIES the Part 1

35th tower coastal battery - one of the most powerful castle constructions of coastal defence of Sevastopol. It is begun by construction in 1913 under the project of the military engineer of general N.A.Bujnitsky. In days of the first world building have stopped, have completed in 1924-1927, having armed with two two-cannon tower installations ship calibre.
Built on abrupt to seacoast, the battery consisted of two cannon ferro-concrete blocks and two command points which incorporated among themselves poternami. To seacoast conducted two ventilating emergency exits. In blocks on two floors cellars stocks of shells, power station, devices for management of shooting took places inhabited and office accommodations.
After the order on evacuation the battery has been blown up .
After war the battery was not restored. In battery territory are established :
Memorable sign on 35th battery - plate from a grey granite with an inscription. It is established in 1961 the Author - architect A.L.Sheffer.

The monument ' to Last defenders of Sevastopol ' is located at a front entrance on the battery.

MEMORABLE PLACES of 35 TH COASTAL BATTERIES the Part 2

The monument to the soldiers who were lost on December, 17th, 1941 is at lifting on territory of the battery from the Blue bay .

Here our excursion across Sevastopol also has ended. I hope it to you it was pleasant.

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