Сообщение про балет на английском

Обновлено: 19.05.2024

Выполнила
студентка 24-й группы
Селикова Т.

It was Mikhail Glinka (1804 — 1857) who laid the foundation for modern Russian music. After three years of study in Italy, he began to suffer from the wish to hear music expressing the temperament of his own people. His two best-known operas, Ivan Susanin and Ruslan and Lyudmila, were based on Russian folklore and historical legend.

Glinka’s works inspired a group of five younger composers who emerged as an extraordinary musical phenomenon in the late nineteenth century: Miliy Balakirev (1836 — 1910), Alexander Borodin (1833 — 1887), Modest Mussorgsky (1839 — 1881), Caesar Cui (1835 — 1918), and Nicholai Rimsky-Korsakov (1844 — 1908).

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky (1840 — 1893) the best-known of all Russian composers, gave up a position in the civil service at the age of twenty-three to devote himself entirely to music, much against the wishes of his father. After completing his studies at St Peterburg Conservatoire, he set out for Moscow in 1866 to take up a Teaching post.

His financial circumstances took a turn for the better in 1877 when he acquired a wealthy patroness, Nadezhda Filaretovna von Meck, who for the next fourteen years was to support him. By 1878 he had already composed the music for the ballet Swan Lake and one of his most famous operas , Eugene Onegin. These were followed by the opera The Queen of Spades (1890) and the ballets Sleeping Beauty (1889) and The Nutcracker (1892). Now internationally famous, he spent much of his time travelling around abroad to hear his works performed.

Tchaikovsky was followed by his pupil Sergei Taneyev (1856 — 1915), who in his turn taught Sergei Rachmaninov (1873—1943), the great pianist and composer, Alexander Scryabin (1872 — 1915) and Rein-gold Gliere (1875 — 1956). Another composer, Alexander Glazunov (1865 — 1936), had an important influence on the new generation of Russian composers during his time as a teacher and director of the St Petersburg Conservatoire, before he left Russia for France in 1928.

Igor Stravinsky was in his middle twenties when he met Sergei Diaghilev, the celebrated impressario of the Ballets Russes and went with him to Paris. In his works, particularly in the ballets Firebird and Petrushka, he was inspired by the Russian folk music. Stravinsky became a French citizen in 1934,but during the Second World War he moved to the United States.

Like many other composers of the younger generation, Sergei Prokofiev (1891 — 1953) and Dmitry Shostakovich (1906—1975) owed a debt to Glazunov. He persuaded Prokofiev’s father to send him to the Conservatoire to develop his musical talent, and defended young Shostakovich’s right to a scholarship there.

In the thirties, along with Prokofiev and others, Shostakovich fell into disgrace for “ideological deficiencies” and for a number of years almost all his works were banned and not performed in public.

Another Russian composer of the twentieth century to gain wide international popularity, is Aram Khachaturian (1903 — 1978), whose works include symphonies, ballet music and concertos for piano, violin and violoncello. One of his most famous works is the ballet Spartacus.

It was a Frenchman, Marius Petipa (1819 — 1910), who laid the foundation of Russian dance and influenced the development of classical ballet in Russia in the nineteenth century. Petipa cooperated with Tchaikovsky on The Sleeping Beautu and The Nutcracker. He himself created 57 full-length ballets, and directed 17 revivals.

In 1909 Russian ballet suddenly burst upon Europe, when Sergei Diaghilev, the brilliant producer, and Mikhail Fokine, a leading choreographer, took a company of dancers from the Imperial School of it Petersburg to Paris. His Ballets Russes were wonderful productions with colorful sets designed by some of Russia's finest artists, such as Alexander Benois and Lev Bakst, but the greatest sensation were the male dancers, Vazlav Nijinsky and Sergei Lifar.

After the Revolution ballet schools throughout the Soviet Union received strong

state support. Some outstanding new works were produced, such as Prokofiev's Romeo and Juliet (1946) and Khachaturian's Spartacus (1968).

In the Fifties Moscow's Bolshoi Ballet and the Kirov Ballet (formerly the Imperial Ballet of St Petersburg) made their first, highly appreciated tours in the West. Today Russian dancers are still unsur­passed in their mastery of the pure classical style.

Работы Глинки вдохновили группу 5 молодых композиторов, которые появились, как музыкальный феномен в конце XIX века: Мили Балакирев (1836 — 1910), Александр Бородин (1833 — 1887), Модест Мусоргский (1839 — 1881), Цезарь Куи (1835 — 1918) и Николай Римский-Корсаков (1844 — 1908) .

Чайковский был одним из учеников Сергея Таниева, который изменил обучение Сергея Рахманинова, великолепного пианиста и композитора Александра Скрябина. Другой композитор Александр Глазунов оказал важное влияние на новое течение в музыке как учитель и управляющий Петербургской Консерватории. После он переехал из России во Францию в 1928 году.

В 1909 году русский балет неожиданно появился в Европе, когда Сергей Дягилев, блестящий постановщик и Михаил Фокин, ведущий хореограф взяли танцевальную группу Имперской школы Петербурга в Париж. Их русский балет был замечательно поставлен с использованием красочных декораций лучших российских художников таких, как Александр Беноис и Лев Бакст, но грандиозного успеха добился мужской балет, Вацлав Нижский и Сергей Лифар.

Пятый Московский Большой Балет и Кировский Балет (ранее Имперский Балет Санкт Петербурга) стали первыми после гастроли на Запад. Сейчас русский балет остается непревзойденным в мастерстве и чистом классическом стиле.

Not very long ago when people mentioned ballet, they thought of Russian ballet. In fact ballet came to Russia relatively late. It brought traditions from many other countries, mainly from France and Italy. Actually Tsar Nicholas I was ready to spend great sums of money on the dance companies, so ballet got recognition in the capital at St. Petersburg and in Moscow.

The Russian ballet dates back to 1847. It was the year when Marius Petipa, a young French dancer, arrived in St. Petersburg. He found there a well-trained company, which consisted mainly of the employees of the Imperial household. They were not spoilt by the attention and glamour, because they were the Tsar"s servants. The Tsar wanted to see choreographies that had been seen in the times of the Sun King. That is there was combination of romantic stories with a luxury and pomp.

Under leadership of Petipa the Russian ballet became extremely popular in the world. Within thirty years Petipa created over forty full-length ballets, arranged dances for thirty-five operas and recast seventeen ballet productions by other European masters.

Petipa"s version of Giselle we still can see today. In the Russian ballet of the nineteenth century everything was in harmony: the music, which was written mainly by Ludwig Minkus, the staging, the scenery, the costumes and choreography.

At the beginning of the twentieth century ballet was still important in the cultural life of Russia, but gradually the romantic haze was cleared away. The world changed and it was taken a different view. The problems of love, hate, good, evil, were expressed in more complex ways.

Балет

Еще совсем недавно, когда люди упоминали балет, они говорили о русском балете. На самом деле балет попал в Россию сравнительно поздно. В нем отображались традиции многих других стран, в основном Франции и Италии. Поскольку царь Николай I был готов тратить большие суммы денег на танцевальные коллективы, так что балет получил признание в столице Санкт-Петербурге и в Москве.

Русский балет восходит к 1847 году. Это был год, когда Мариус Петипа, молодой французский танцовщик, прибыл в Санкт-Петербург. Он нашел там хорошо обученную труппу, которая состояла в основном из слуг Императорской семьи. Они не были избалованы вниманием и гламуром, поскольку они были слугами царя. Царь хотел видеть хореографию, которая появилась еще во времена Короля-Солнца. Это было сочетание романтической истории с роскошью и помпой.

Под руководством Петипа русский балет стал чрезвычайно популярным в мире. В течение тридцати лет Петипа создал свыше сорока полнометражных балетов, организовал танцы для тридцати пяти опер и переделать семнадцать балетных спектаклей других европейских мастеров.

Версию "Жизели" Петипа мы можем видеть и сегодня. В русском балете девятнадцатого века все было в гармонии: музыка, которая была написана главным образом Людвигом Минкусом, постановка, декорации, костюмы и хореография.

В начале двадцатого века балет был по-прежнему важным в культурной жизни России, но постепенно романтическая дымка рассеялась. Мир изменился и было принято иное мнение. Проблемы любви, ненависти, добра, зла, нашли свое выражение в более сложных формах.

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Выполнила: Главатских Елена

But ballet is not only beauty, but hard work. Girls who dream of becoming ballerinas exhaust themselves daily with hours of training, stick to a strict diet all their lives, a ballerina wears out two hundred pairs of pointe shoes in a year. Adult ballerinas lift a weight approximately equal to a ton in one performance. And, anyway, many people dream of devoting their lives to ballet.

The ballet consists of different types of dance and pantomime. The dance can be solo and group, together with the corps de ballet.

There are different types of ballet. Classical ballet is distinguished by the highest degree of choreography and adheres to strict rules: the music is performed only by a symphony orchestra, the script is carefully thought out, the costumes are magnificent. Often a single story is played out on stage with the help of pantomime and plasticity.

Modern ballet differs significantly from classical ballet. Movements are more free, improvisation is possible. There is no specific story. Sometimes dancers just move to the music in accordance with the melody and their mood.

Russian and Russian ballerinas and ballerinas, such as Nureyev, Baryshnikov, Vasiliev, Vaganova, Kshesinskaya, Plisetskaya, Ulanova, Pavlova and Vasilyeva are unanimously recognized as the best world ballet dancers. Years pass, and ballet remains a brilliant classic that we will love, review and always admire.

Русский балет традиционно сочетает в себе следующие элементы: нравственность, величественность, профессионализм и духовность. Это было двести лет назад, и он остается таким и сегодня.

балет

К классическим представлениям можно отнести такие известные работы, как: "Дон Кихот", "Баядерка", "Спящая красавица", "Раймонда", "Лебединое озеро". Самыми посещаемыми из них являются "Жизель", "Сильфида", "Корсар", "Эсмеральда" и "Пахита". В классическом варианте русский балет всегда имеет постоянную строгую структуру – каждое действие начинается с короткой пантомимы, затем показывается дивертисмент или Гранд-па. Как правило, представление заканчивается достаточно резко.

Русский балет начал свой путь в 1847 году. Это произошло в тот момент, когда никому не известный, но амбициозный молодой французский танцовщик приехал в Санкт-Петербург. Его звали Мариус Петипа. Молодой человек основал несколько школ хорошего уровня, которые состояли в основном из служащих Императорского двора. Они не были избалованы вниманием и царскими богатствами, так как были всего лишь слугами.

Под руководством Петипа русский балет завоевал огромную популярность не только в России, но и во всем мире. За свою карьеру мастер поставил более сорока балетов, придумывал танцы для тридцать пять опер и переделывал балеты легендарных европейских мастеров. Его версия "Жизели" до сих пор имеет успех и в наше время.

Russian ballet is traditionally combines the following elements: morality, grandeur, professionalism, and spirituality. It was two hundred years ago as well it stays today.

Classical performance includes such well-known works as: "Don Quixote", "Bayadere", "Sleeping beauty", "Raymond", "Swan lake". The most visited ones are "Giselle," "La Sylphide", "Le Corsaire", "Esmeralda" and "Paquita". The classical one always has a constant strict structure - each act begins with a short pantomime, then there is a manifestation of divertissement or grand-pa. As a rule, the work ends quite rapidly.

The Russian ballet started its trajectory in 1847. It happened when a not famous, but ambitious young French dancer came in St. Petersburg. His name was Marius Petipa. The guy found a well-trained company there, which composed mostly of the employees of the Imperial Court. They were not spoiled by the attention and the Royal riches, as there were only servants.

Under the leadership of Petipa, Russian ballet gained immense popularity not only in Russia but also in a whole world. During his career, the master put more than forty full ballets, created dances for thirty-five operas and reworked ballets of the legendary European masters. His version of "Giselle" still has a success nowadays.

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