Destruction of wildlife сообщение

Обновлено: 04.07.2024

There are many big and small rivers, green forests, high mountains, lakes and seas in Russia. There are a lot of industrial enterprises in our country, that’s why we can’t ignore the problem of the protection of our environment. In Russia and former Soviet republics there are some areas where the environment is in poor state. It is the Aral Sea, Lake Baikal and Chernobyl. We have to control atmospheric and water pollution, to study man’s influence on the climate.

The pollution of the environment influences the life of animals, plants and human life. If we don’t use chemicals in a proper way we’ll pollute our environment. Our plants and factories put their waste materials into water and atmosphere and pollute the environment. There are many kinds of transport in our big cities, that ‘s why we must pay attention to the protection of our nature and the health of the people.

Now radiation has become one of the main problems. It is not good for health of people. Many people died from radiation some years ago in Chernobyl. It was a tragedy.

Another problem is earthquakes. We know some terrible earthquakes in the world. Our scientists try to forecast earthquakes, then we can protect ourselves from them.

The people all over the world do everything to protect nature, to make their country richer, to make their life happier. We need to haves laws and decisions on this important subject.

Text 8. Environmental problems (for upper-intermediate)

Words:

1. exceptionally – исключительно

2. interference – вмешательство

3. degree — степень

4. involve – вовлекать

5. industrial enterprises –промышленные предприятия

6. in addition to – в добавление к

7. present — представлять

8. a threat – угроза

9. a source – источник

The present environmental problems have become exceptionally urgent. If many years ago people lived in harmony with the environment, today their interference in the Nature has reached such a degree that it becomes dangerous for their lives. And if the same tendencies remain for the next years, our planet will soon become uninhabited. The ecological problems are not the problems of a single isolated country. They are global in character and involve all countries in the world. The ecological problems have much in common. The main problem is pollution. It is not a secret that every year more and more industrial enterprises are built.

And they have a very bad effect on the environment. They pollute the air we breathe, the water we drink and the land that grain and vegetables grow on.

In addition to air pollution people upset the oxygen balance of our planet because people cut down forests and woods. One of the most dangerous things is radiation. There is a greаt number of nuclear power stations. They have many advantages for the industry, but they present a threat for the life.

Nature is a source of our life and destroying it we destroy ourselves. People forget that natural resources are not endless even though they seem unlimited. Nature has enough resources for the present generation. But their amount becomes less with every year. To protect nature is a duty of all people.

Summary (Выводы:)

I. The main environmental problems are the source of the Man’s activity. They are water pollution, air pollution, land pollution and atmospheric change.

Water pollution,which is caused by plants & factories, by testing nuclear weapons, dumping industrial waste.

ПРИМЕР. Thousands of fish die every year as a result of the illegal dumping of waste.

Air pollution,which is caused both by buses and cars and also by plants and factories.

ПРИМЕР. One of the effects of air pollution is acid rain. It is damaging to water, forests and soil resources. It is blamed for disappearance of fish from many lakes, for the wide-spread death of forests in European mountains.

Land pollution,which is caused by nuclear waste, dumps (свалки), dirty water, fertilizers, pesticides.

ПРИМЕР It is interesting to know that the main source of pollution are children under two years old, because every second a “pampers” is dumped.

Atmospheric changewhich leads to climatic changes (because of the greenhouse effect), the increasing radiation from the sun (because the ozone layer is thinning).

Груды памперсов, скопились на Британских островах. Они не разлагаются в земле (процесс занимает около 100 лет) Чтобы бороться с этой проблемой, правительство стало доплачивать женщинам, которые пользуются обычными пеленками или бумажными подгузниками. Уже накопившиеся памперсы решили сжигать на специальных предприятиях. Ученые заверяют, что смогут уменьшить выбросы в атмосферу с помощью специальных очистных фильтров. Но стоит ли верить, что можно будет избежать загрязнения воздуха?

II. Nowadays there is a great risk of ecological disasters. It is nuclear pollution and leak of radiation.

Nuclear pollution (=radioactive contamination),which is caused by nuclear power stations if they go wrong. Such nuclear accident happened in Chernobyl. In 1986 the Chernobyl nuclear power station suffered a fire, which causes radioactive contamination of a lot of regions. As a result many people died, those who had survived suffered terrible deceases till the end of their life.
Leak of radiation as a result of improper nuclear-waste disposal (утечка радиации из-за неправильного захоронения ядерных отходов)

· mass-tourism — массовый туризм

· cutting down forests — вырубка

People need wood for building furniture. Every day they use paper and cardboard, which is also made from wood. But every day some species (kinds) of animals and plants disappear from the Earth. It’s the result of the pollution air, land and water. Also some animals are hunted for the sake of fur, ivory, horns or tusks. More than that, cutting down trees people have turned the areas of thick forest into deserts. The animals simply have no place to live as their habitats are destroyed.

Places, where animals live, face problems mostly due to humans activities. Humans pollute ponds, make deforestation, create new buildings for living, factories and fields for planting that destroy animals’ natural habitat.

Места, где живут животные, сталкиваются с проблемами, связанными главным образом с деятельностью человека. Люди загрязняют пруды, вырубают леса, создают новые здания для жизни, фабрики и поля для посадки, которые разрушают природную среду обитания животных.

3. Read the title of the article and the first sentence in each paragraph. What is the article about? Read through and check. — Прочитайте заголовок статьи и первое предложение каждого параграфа. О чем статья? Прочитайте и проверьте.

I think this article is about how human activity affects animals’ natural habitat and what we should do to decrease our harm to the animals’ world. — Я думаю, что эта статья о том, как деятельность человека влияет на естественную среду обитания животных и что мы должны сделать, чтобы уменьшить наш вред миру животных.

4. Read the text. Decide which of the statements 1—8 are T (True), F (False) or NS, meaning that you can’t give a clear answer to them (Not stated). — Прочитайте текст. Решите, какое утверждение 1-8 верное, неверное или о чем в тексте не сказано.

In danger

No one really knows how many millions of species of wildlife exist on Earth, but one thing is for sure, plants and animals are all around us! Some live in the woodlands, rivers, hedgerows and ponds in and around our neighbourhoods. Others live in our school playgrounds, private gardens or even in the tiny spaces between grains of sand!

The big problem

Unfortunately, as towns and cities get bigger, humans are destroying these habitats. To build more houses and roads they are cutting down trees in woodlands and forests, which are home to animals such as foxes, otters, red squirrels and hedgehogs and beautiful plants such as bluebells and daffodils. Litter in the streets harms wildlife and poisonous chemicals from farms and factories are getting into rivers, ponds and lakes. When this happens, animals such as frogs, newts and species of birds and fish such as herons and trout can no longer survive. In the same way, many reptiles are dying out around ponds. In fact, three wildlife species become extinct every hour because of habitat destruction … and it’s humans who are causing all this damage!

The solutions

So, what can we do to help protect the habitats around our towns and cities? Well, quite a lot actually! For example, you could find out about the different animal habitats near your home and about any problems that they have. Then you can write letters to the local council or wildlife charities to ask them to do something about the problems.

Also, NEVER throw any rubbish in the street; pick up any litter that you see in woodland, hedgerows, gardens and parks. Lastly, why not create your own little wildlife habitats in gardens or even on balconies? It’s actually quite easy to do!

В опасности

Никто не знает, сколько миллионов видов диких животных существует на Земле, но одно можно сказать наверняка: растения и животные повсюду окружают нас! Некоторые живут в лесах, реках, полезащитных полосах насаждений и водоемах в наших районах и вокруг них. Другие живут на наших школьных игровых площадках, в частных садах или даже в крошечных пространствах между песчинками!

Большая проблема

К сожалению, по мере роста городов и поселков люди разрушают эти среды обитания. Чтобы построить больше домов и дорог, они вырубают деревья в лесах и лесах, которые являются домом для животных, таких как лисы, выдры, красные белки и ежи, а также для красивых растений, таких как голубые колокольчики и нарциссы. Мусор на улицах вредит дикой природе, а ядовитые химикаты с ферм и фабрик попадают в реки, пруды и озера. Когда это происходит, такие животные, как лягушки, тритоны, виды птиц и рыб, такие как цапли и форели, уже не могут выжить. Точно так же, многие рептилии вымирают вокруг водоемов. На самом деле, три вида диких животных вымирают каждый час из-за разрушения их среды обитания … И именно люди причиняют весь этот вред!

Решения

Итак, что мы можем сделать, чтобы помочь защитить среду обитания вокруг наших городов? На самом деле, довольно много! Например, вы можете узнать о различных местах обитания животных возле вашего дома и об их проблемах. Затем, вы можете написать письмо в муниципалитет или в благотворительные организации по охране дикой природы, чтобы попросить их сделать что-нибудь, касательно этих проблем.

Кроме того, НИКОГДА не бросайте мусор на улице; подбирайте любой мусор, который вы видите в лесах, полезащитных полосах насаждений, садах и парках. Наконец, почему бы вам не создать свои собственные места обитания диких животных в садах или даже на балконах? Это на самом деле очень легко сделать!

Для учеников 1-11 классов и дошкольников
Бесплатные сертификаты учителям и участникам

Конспект урока- диспута

по английскому языку

(1курс )

Цель: развитие навыков аудирования; совершенствование навыков устной монологической и устной диалогической речи.

Учитель начинает дискуссию словами :

- The English writer John Galsworthy said: “If you don’t think about the future you will not have it.” The people all over the world do everything to protect their nature, to make their country richer, to make their life happier. Our earth is our home. I think, people must take care of our Motherland. We shall work in three groups and discuss the most important ecological problems.

Примерное высказывание ученика :

pollution in its many forms (air pollution, water pollution, nuclear pollution);

the destruction of wildlife and the countryside beauty;

the growth of population;

noise from buses, cars, planes, etc.;

shortage of natural resources (metals, different kinds of fuel)

There are a lot of factories and plants in our country, that’s in our country, that’s why we can’t ignore the problem of the protection of our environment. Our main aim is the protection. Our environment must be clean. The pollution of the environment influences the life of animals, plants and our human life. If we don’t use chemicals in a proper way, we’ll pollute our environment. Our plants and factories put their waste materials into water and atmosphere and pollute the environment. There are many kinds of transport in our big cities, that’s why we must pay attention to the protection of our nature and the health of the people.

Дополнительная информация

How can we keep our earth clean? Don’t buy drinks in plastic bottles. These bottles can’t be recycled, and plastic won’t even degrade. If you throw this bottle, it will still litter the earth forever. Only buy water and other drinks

It takes 500, ООО trees just to make the newspapers we read every Sunday. Save your family newspapers. Find out how to recycle newspapers in your area. Most paper thrown away in the office just has printing on one side. Ask your parents to bring home some of this paper. So you can use the blank side for writing or drawing.

Save water. If there is the leaky toilet or tap in your house, get someone to fix them. If you water the garden in the middle of the day when the sun is hot, most of the water evaporates before it gets to the roots. It is better to water the garden in the coolest part of the day. The best time to water is early in the morning before the sun gets hot.

The electric power stations bum coal to produce the energy that keeps your light on. That burning coal gives off gases, that - acid rains. So, save electric power. Turn off the lights when you leave the room. Turn off the TV or stereo when you are not watching or listening.
Don’t cut wildflowers. In England since the Second World War 22 wild flower species have disappeared for ever, 317 are standing on the brink.

Перед экологами всерьез встала проблема огромного количества мусора на нашей планете. В результате жизнедеятельности людей мусор накапливается гораздо быстрее, чем успевает разложиться. Давно назрела необходимость его дальнейшей п еработки и вторичного использования. Вы услышите фрагмент выступления директора завода по переработке отходов, мистера Брауна.

Ознакомьтесь с переводом некоторых слов и выражений, которые вы услышите во время прослушивания.

The Household Waste Recycling Centre — Центр по переработке хозяйственных отходов

remanufacturing— вторичное производство

to reduce – сокращать что - либо

a landfill – мусорная свалка

recyclable— подлежащий переработке
bulky — громоздкий, занимающий много места

household rubbish — бытовой мусор

to dispose of smth — избавляться от чего- либо, выбрасывать что-либо
food scraps – остатки еды

electrical equipment — электрооборудование
a bin — мусорная урна
to separate— разделять
free of charge— бесплатный

2 . Ознакомьтесь со списком того, что рано или поздно оказывается на мусорных свалках. Подчеркните то, что, на ваш взгляд, можно перерабатывать для вторичного использования

batteries, metal, textiles, cardboard, food tins, food scraps, motor oil, paint,

wood, glass, fridges and TV’s, plastic bottles, electronics, clothes

3. Прочитайте заметки, сделанные журналистом во время выступления.

Внимательно ознакомьтесь с вариантами в рамке. Прослушайте запись еще раз и заполните пропуски подходящими вариантами.

Each year the typical English family throws out _______ pounds of paper, ______ pounds of metals, 480 pounds of glass and 480 pounds of food scraps.

is using all or part of a product to make another product.

Recycling also reduces our waste sent to .

Generally, per cent of our waste is recyclable.

Recycling is a three-step process — collecting , and ____.

The Household Waste Recycling Centre takes materials and ___.

You should use different for __.

Our centre is to all residents for general ____ and _ __ waste.

Любые мнения в примерах не отражают мнение редакторов Cambridge Dictionary или издательства Cambridge University Press или ее лицензиаров.

Пример из архива Хансарда. Содержит парламентскую информацию, лицензированную в соответствии с лицензией открытого парламента v3.0.

It is the organised ritual destruction of wildlife, carried out in fancy dress amid great ceremony by those who pretend that they care for wildlife and its habitats.

An outbreak of the disease would lead to the destruction of wildlife over a wide area and onerous controls on pet owners until the disease was wiped out.

An outbreak would lead to the destruction of wildlife over a wide area, and onerous controls would be put on pet owners until the disease was wiped out.

In the event of an outbreak of rabies affecting terrestrial wildlife, targeted destruction of wildlife and vaccination are both potentially available methods of control.

We ought to be doing research into means of overcoming such avoidable destruction of wildlife, either by the development of non-toxic pellets or by other means.

Article 10 provides for the destruction of wildlife in order to prevent the spread of certain diseases to farm animals.

Ministers will be just as cautious in safeguarding what they believe to be the real interest in the matter, even though it results in the profligate destruction of wildlife.

Their wilderness is in danger due to the high population rates and its consequences (pollution, destruction of wildlife habitats).

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