Оскар уайльд биография на английском кратко

Обновлено: 04.07.2024

Тема по английскому языку: Оскар Уайльд

Ранние годы

Оскар Уайльд родился в Дублине 16 октября 1854. Его отец был успешным хирургом, а мать писала стихи и прозу. Уайльд учился в Тринити-колледже в Дублине и колледже Магдалены в Оксфорде. Учась в Оксфорде, Уайльд стал участвовать в эстетическом движении. Будучи там, он также стал личностью дня: он носил длинные волосы, украшал свою комнату различными красивыми вещами. Его остроумные высказывания были хорошо известны среди студентов. После того как он окончил университет, он переехал в Лондон, чтобы продолжить литературную карьеру.

Первые работы

Характер

Личная жизнь

Драма и трагедия коснулась личной жизни Уайльда. Он женился на Констанции Лойд в 1884, и у них было два сына, но в 1891 Уайльд начал отношения с лордом Альфредом Дугласом. В апреле 1895 он был обвинен в аморальности и приговорен к двум годам заключения. Уайльд был освобожден из тюрьмы с разрушенным здоровьем и подорванной репутацией. Он провел остаток своей жизни в Европе. Он умер в Париже 30 ноября 1900 года.

Oscar Wilde

Early years

Oscar Wilde was born in Dublin on 16 October 1854. His father was a successful surgeon and his mother a writer of verse and prose. Wilde was educated at Trinity College, Dublin and Magdalen College, Oxford. While at Oxford, Wilde became involved in the aesthetic movement. While there he also became one of the most famous personalities of the day: he wore his hair long, decorated his room with different beautiful things. His witty sayings were well known among the students. After he graduated, he moved to London to pursue a literary career.

First works

A first volume of Wilde’s poetry was published in 1881 but he also wrote fairy stories and published a novel “The Picture of Dorian Gray” in 1891. His greatest talent was for writing plays, and he produced a string of extremely popular comedies including “Lady Windermere’s Fan”, “An Ideal Husband” and “The Importance of Being Earnest”. ‘Salomé’ was performed in Paris in 1896.

Personality

Oscar Wilde attracted the attention of his audiences by the brilliance of his conversation, his knowledge, and the force of his personality. He admired unselfishness, kindness and generosity in “The Happy Prince”, “The Nightingale and the Rose” and despised egoism and greed in “The Selfish Giant” and “The Devoted Friend”. He showed the contrast between wealth and poverty. His own sympathy for poor, laboring people was quite evident.

Personal life

Drama and tragedy touched Wilde’s private life. He married Constance Lloyd in 1884 and they had two sons, but in 1891 Wilde began an affair with Lord Alfred Douglas. In April 1895 he was accused of immorality and sentenced to two years’ imprisonment. Wilde was released from prison with his health damaged and his reputation ruined. He spent the rest of his life in Europe. He died in Paris on 30 November 1900.

Биографии на английском

Краткая биография Оскара Уайльда на английском языке изложена в этой статье.

Оскар Уайльд краткая биография на английском

Wilde was an Anglo-Irish novelist, playwright, poet and critic, and a celebrity in late 19th century London.

Oscar Fingal O’Flahertie Wills Wilde was born in Dublin on 16 October 1854. His father was a successful surgeon and his mother a writer and literary hostess. Wilde was educated at Trinity College, Dublin and Magdalen College, Oxford. While at Oxford, Wilde became involved in the aesthetic movement. After he graduated, he moved to London to pursue a literary career.

His output was diverse. A first volume of his poetry was published in 1881 but as well as composing verse, he contributed to publications such as the ‘Pall Mall Gazette’, wrote fairy stories and published a novel ‘The Picture of Dorian Gray’ (1891). His greatest talent was for writing plays, and he produced a string of extremely popular comedies including ‘Lady Windermere’s Fan’ (1892), ‘An Ideal Husband (1895)’ and ‘The Importance of Being Earnest’ (1895). ‘Salomé’ was performed in Paris in 1896.

Drama and tragedy marred Wilde’s private life. He married Constance Lloyd in 1884 and they had two sons, but in 1891 Wilde began an affair with Lord Alfred Douglas, nicknamed ‘Bosie’. In April 1895, Wilde sued Bosie’s father, the Marquis of Queensberry, for libel, after the Marquis has accused him of being homosexual. Wilde lost and, after details of his private life were revealed during the trial, was arrested and tried for gross indecency. He was sentenced to two years of hard labour. While in prison he composed a long letter to Douglas, posthumously published under the title ‘De Profundis’ . His wife took their children to Switzerland and adopted the name ‘Holland’. Wilde was released with his health irrevocably damaged and his reputation ruined. He spent the rest of his life in Europe, publishing ‘The Ballad of Reading Gaol’ in 1898.

Oscar Wilde is one of the most interesting representatives of British literature.

He was born in 1856 in the Irish family. His father was an optician, an author of some books on Irish folklore. His mother was a poetess and was well-known in aristocratic society.

After graduating from Oxford University Wilde delivered lectures on ethics and aesthetics in Europe and America. He was accused of immoral behaviour and got into prison. After it he left for Paris where he died in 1900.

Oscar Wilde’s literary heritage is very large and his works are often staged nowadays. He is well-known for his extraordinary talent and humour. “The truth is rarely pure and never simple”, “There is no sin except stupidity”, “Art never expresses anything but itself” are only a few of his famous aphorisms. He always considered the aesthetic feeling of a person to be the moving force of human development. Wilde’s fairy-tales always depicted the union between the good and the beauty. Every detail in his lyrical fairy-tales has symbolic meaning.

“The Picture of Dorian Gray” is one of his most famous novels. It is a story of a young man Dorian Gray. Under the influence of Lord Henry, his spiritual “teacher”, Dorian becomes an immoral murderer. Despite this fact his face remains young and beautiful. But his portrait painted by his friend reflects Dorian’s immorality and cruelty. Thrusting a knife into his portrait Dorian kills himself. His face becomes ugly while the portrait shines with perfect beauty.

Оскар Уайльд

Оскар Уайльд является одним из самых интересных представителей британской литературы.

Он родился в 1856 г. в ирландской семье. Его отец был окулистом, автором нескольких книг об ирландском фольклоре. Его мать была поэтессой, и она была хорошо известна в аристократическом обществе.

После окончания Оксфордского университета Уайльд читал лекции по этике и эстетике в Европе и Америке. Ему было предъявлено обвинение в аморальном поведении, и он попал в тюрьму. После этого он уехал в Париж, где умер в 1900 году.

Литературное наследие Оскара Уайльда очень большое и его работы часто ставятся в наши дни. Он хорошо известен за его необыкновенный талант и чувство юмора. "Правда редко чиста, и никогда не бывает простой", "Нет другого греха, кроме глупости", "Искусство не выражает ничего, кроме самого себя" - вот лишь немногие из его знаменитых афоризмов. Он всегда считал, что эстетическое чувство человека должно быть движущей силой развития человека. Сказки Уайльда всегда изображали союз между добром и красотой. Каждая деталь в его лирических сказках имеет символическое значение.

"Портрет Дориана Грея" является одним из его самых известных романов. Это история молодого человека Дориана Грея. Под влиянием лорда Генри, его духовного "учителя", Дориан становится аморальным убийцей. Несмотря на это, его лицо остается молодым и красивым. Но портрет, нарисованный другом Дориана, отражает его безнравственность и жестокость. Сунув нож в свой портрет, Дориан убивает себя. Его лицо становится уродливым, а портрет светится с совершенной красотой.

At school, and later at Oxford,, Oscar displayed gift for art and the humanities.

While at the university. Wilde became one of the most famous personalities of the day: he wore his hair long, decorated his room with different beautiful things His witty sayings were well known among the students.

After graduating from the university. Wilde turned his attention to writing, travelling and lecturing.

Oscar Wilde earned the reputation of being the leader of the Aesthetic Movement and an apostle of beauty.

His most famous works appeared over the next ten years. The most popular are The Happy Prince and Other Tales, The Picture of Dorian Gray, and his comedies Lady Windermere's Fan, An Ideal Husband, The Importance of Being Earnest.

Wilde also wrote poems, essays, reviews, letters. He attracted the attention of his audiences by the brilliance of his conversation, his knowledge, and the force of his personality.

In his works, especially in his tales, he glorifies beauty, and not only the beauty of nature or artificial beauty, but the beauty of devoted love. He admires unselfishness, kindness and generosity (The V Happy Prince, The Nightingale and the Rose) and despises egoism and greed (The Selfish Giant, The Devoted Friend). The theme of most of his works, even of his tales, is quite realistic. He shows the contrast between wealth and poverty. His own sympathy for poor, labouring people is quite evident.

At the height of his popularity and success, tragedy struck. He was accused of immorality and sentenced to two years' imprisonment. When released from prison in 1897, he lived mainly on the Continent, settling later in Paris. In 1898 he published his poem Ballad of Reading Gaol. He died in Paris in 1900.

Оскар Уайльд родился и Дублине октября 1854 года. Его отец был известным в Ирландии хирургом. Его мать была известной в Дублине поэтессой и писательницей.

В школе и позже в Оксфорде у Оскара проявились способности к искусству и гуманитарным наукам.

Во время учебы в университете Уайльд стал одной из наиболее известных личностей того времени: у него были длинные волосы, он украшал свою комнату различными красивыми вещами. Его остроумные поговорки были хорошо известны студентам.

После окончания университета внимание Уайльда привлекла писательская работа, путешествия и лекторская деятельность.

Оскар Уайльд завоевал репутацию лидера эстетического направления и апостола красоты.

В последующие десять лет появились его наиболее известные произведения. Самые популярные из них - Счастливый принц и другие сказки, Портрет Дориана Грея и его комедии Веер леди Уиндермир, Идеальный муж, Как важно быть серьезным.

Уайльд также писал стихотворения, эссе, обозрения, письма. Он привлекал внимание аудитории своим красноречием, познаниями и силой своей личности.

В своих произведениях, особенно в сказках, он прославляет красоту, и не только красоту природы или красоту, созданную искусственно, но и красоту преданной любви. Он восхищается бескорыстием, добротой и щедростью (Счастливый принц, Соловей и роза) и презирает эгоизм и жадность (Эгоистичный великан, Верный друг).

Темы большинства его произведений, даже его сказок, вполне реалистичны. Он показывает контраст между достатком и бедностью. Его личная симпатия на стороне бедных, трудящихся людей вполне очевидна.

Трагедия постигла его, когда он был на вершине своей популярности. Он был обвинен в безнравственности и приговорен к двум годам лишения свободы. После освобождения из тюрьмы в 1897 г. он, в основном, жил в Европе, позже обосновался в Париже. В 1898 г. Оскар Уайльд опубликовал поэму Баллада Редингской тюрьмы.

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Описание презентации по отдельным слайдам:

Oscar Fingal O’Flahertie Wills Wilde was born in Dublin on 16 October 1854. His mother was Lady Jane Francesca Wilde, a well-known poet and journalist, and his father was Sir William Wilde, a talented writer as well as a doctor. He had an older brother, William, and a younger sister, Isola.

Oscar was a very good student. He was clever, and he enjoyed writing. He studied at Trinity College, Dublin, and at Oxford University in England. When he finished university, Oscar moved to London, and wrote his first book of poetry in 1881. He then became an art reviewer and he travelled to America, Canada and Paris and gave lectures on art. Oscar also wrote reviews and articles for magazines and newspapers. He later became the editor of a magazine.

In 1884, he met Constance Lloyd in London. They married and had two sons, Cyril and Vyvyan. It was for his sons that he wrote a collection of fairy tales called The Happy Prince and Other Tales in 1888. He wrote his first and only novel, The picture of Dorian Gray, in 1891 and the next year he brought out more fairy tales.

In 1892, he made his first venture into the theatre with his play Lady Windermere’s Fan. It was very successful, and Oscar became quite rich. He wrote several other plays, including A Woman of No Importance (1893), An Ideal Husband (1895) and The Importance of Being Earnest (1895),which were all very successful, too. "The Canterville Ghost" is a popular short story by Oscar Wilde, widely adapted for the screen and stage. It was the first of Wilde's stories to be published, appearing in the magazine The Court and Society Review in February 1887.

Nightingale and the Rose, Star-Child, Young King, Happy Prince, Fisherman and His Soul, Devoted Friend - are not fairy tales for children. These are sad fairy tales. These are fairy tales for adults.

Oscar Wilde died in Paris on 30 November 1900, at the age of 46. People still perform and watch his plays today, and his stories are very popular. People remember him as a very clever, funny writer. Grave of the Irish writer, with a glass board, on the cemetery Pere Lachaise in Paris.

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